Aspirin-like drugs may block pain independently of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition

Summary Using flurbiprofen, a chiral anti-inflammatory and analgesic 2-arylpropionic acid derivative, the enantiomers of which are not converted to each other (less than 5%) in rats or man, we obtained evidence that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition is primarily mediating the anti-inflammatory activity but prostaglandin synthesis independent mechanisms contribute to the analgesic effects. Thus, the S-form inhibited prostaglandin synthesis, inflammation and nociception in rats. The R-form had much less effect on prostaglandin synthesis and did not affect inflammation. It did, however, block nociception in rats almost as potently as the S-form. S-flurbiprofen, in contrast to the R-form, was clearly ulcerogenic in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These results indicate additional molecular mechanisms of analgesia and suggest the use of R-arylpropionic acids as analgesics.     

七彩山鸡胃肠组织学研究

通过常规石蜡切片，H-E染色，对三只120日龄七彩山鸡（phasianus colchicas）的胃肠道结构进行了组织学观察。结果表明：七彩山鸡胃肠管的黏膜层、肌层和管状消化腺发达，整个消化管黏膜固有层中都有淋巴组织存在。腺胃内有较多的单管状腺和复管状腺，肌胃肌层发达。小肠黏膜层最厚，绒毛致密且有分支，绒毛轴中心未见中央乳糜管，固有膜中单管肠腺丰富，黏膜下层缺如或很薄。大肠管壁具四层结构，有环状皱襞，皱襞上绒毛宽短稀疏，黏膜上皮中杯状细胞增多。将观察结果与其它鸟类进行了比较。     

民族常用药娘孜泽苦寒伤胃作用研究——对胃肠运动功能的影响

目的: 研究民族常用药娘孜泽苦寒伤胃, 对胃肠运动功能的影响, 以期指导药物临床安全用药. 方法: 配制营养性半固糊, 观察不同娘孜泽组分部位(水提物、生物碱部位及非生物碱部位)对正常小鼠胃排空和小肠推进功能的影响. 结果: (1)动物出现蜷缩、嗜睡、精神状态差、自发活动减少等症状, 水提部位和生物碱部位有少量动物死亡, 解剖发现胃肠胀气明显; (2)娘孜泽水提物和生物碱部位能明显增加胃部营养糊的残留量, 减少营养糊在小肠的推进距离, 缩短小肠推进率, 胃肠运动功能抑制明显, 尤以生物碱部位0.180g/kg抑制作用最强. 结论: 娘孜泽具有明显的胃肠苦寒毒性, 尤以其生物碱部位苦寒作用最为明显.     

大熊猫胃肠道内分泌细胞的形态学研究

为了解大熊猫胃肠道内分泌细胞的形态特点，本文用ＰＡＰ法对两只大熊猫胃底、幽门腺区、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠和直肠的五羟色胺、生长抑素、胃素、胆囊收缩素、神经降压素、胃动素、抑胃多肽、胰高血糖素、血管活性肠肽和内啡肽免疫反应阳性细胞进行了研究。     

Gastrointestinal transit and digestibility of maltitol,sucrose and sorbitol in rats: A multicompartmental model and recovery study

Using data obtained with a dye marker and the gavage technique, the kinetics of gastrointestinal transit of different loads of sugar substitutes (maltitol, sorbitol) and sugar (sucrose) in the rat were analysed using a linear multicompartmental model over a range from the realistic to the non-physiologic high, of carbohydrate intake levels and using only a few experimental time points. The model gave detailed insight into intestinal propulsion and gastrocecal transit time. Rate constants of transport between the compartments investigated were determined; they showed characteristics which could be related to the substance and the dosage administered. Analyses of the gastrointestinal content and calculations of the intestinal net water movement showed that the digestibility and absorption of the disaccharide sugar alcohol, maltitol, in the small gut depended inversely on the dose ingested. For all substances tested, caloric availability in the small intestine was calculated. At a physiological low level of maltitol intake, the results also indicated an insignificant calorie-saving effect in comparison to sucrose, an effect based mainly on the slow absorption rate of the maltitol cleavage product sorbitol.     

神经网络方法在胃收缩识别中的应用

胃收缩运动在消化过程中起着重要作用．传统的测量胃运动的方法是侵 袭性的．本文提出一种运用人工神经网络由体表胃电图（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｇａｓｔｒｏｇｒａｍ） 无损识别胃收缩运动的方法．以５个受试者的胃电图作为训练集，另５个受试 者的胃电图作为测试集．以同时检测的与每段胃电图对应的胃腔内压力记录 作为评价标准，运用经过优化的具有单个隐层的反向传播神经网络，以分段 后的每段胃电图的时－频表征作为网络的输入，实验结果表明：识别胃运动静 止期的准确度达９０呢，识别收缩运动期的准确度达９４％．     

Role of serotonin in the hepato-gastroIntestinal tract: an old molecule for new perspectives

Beside its role as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, serotonin appears to be a central physiologic mediator of many gastrointestinal (GI) functions and a mediator of the brain-gut connection. By acting directly and via modulation of the enteric nervous system, serotonin has numerous effects on the GI tract. The main gut disturbances in which serotonin is involved are acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, carcinoid syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome. Serotonin also has mitogenic properties. Platelet-derived serotonin is involved in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. In diseased liver, serotonin may play a crucial role in the progression of hepatic fibrosis and the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Better understanding of the role of the serotonin receptor subtypes and serotonin mechanisms of action in the liver and gut may open new therapeutic strategies in hepato-gastrointestinal diseases. Received 15 August 2007; received after revision 1 November 2007; accepted 5 November 2007     

基于USB总线的食管动力检测仪设计与实现

文章提出了一种食管动力检测仪的设计方案,系统介绍了实现的途径和方法,包括食道压力信号的采集、USB控制芯片AN2131SC的应用、EZ-USB固件程序和USB设备驱动程序的设计及上位机软件编写;测试表明,该仪器能够满足实际的医用需求。     

上消化道出血2 2 4 7例病因及相关因素分析

为探讨上消化道出血的病因分布规律及其与性别，年龄，季节等的关系，回顾性地统计分析了本院1982－1999年2247例上消化道出血患者的内镜检查资料。结果显示：2247例镜检有明确病因者1984例，占88．30％。主要病因依次为消化性溃疡（PU），急性胃粘膜病变（AGML），胃癌（GCa)，食管胃底静脉曲线（EGV）和十二指肠炎（出血糜烂型）。男性均明显多于女性，PU，AGML和十二指肠炎以20－60岁年龄段的中青年人好发，而GCa和EGV以41岁以上的中老年人多。PU和GCa秋冬两季检出率比春夏高，其余病因四季的检出率无明显差异。     

燕麦分离蛋白消化特性和消化产物对STC-1细胞分泌胆囊收缩素的影响

为研究燕麦分离蛋白的消化特性及其消化产物对肠内分泌细胞分泌胆囊收缩素(CCK)的影响,以燕麦为原料,采用碱提酸沉法得到燕麦分离蛋白,分析燕麦分离蛋白在模拟胃肠道消化过程中的分子质量变化、氮释放规律、消化产物的氨基酸组成,计算氨基酸评分、化学评分和必需氨基酸指数,并以STC-1细胞为肠内分泌细胞模型评价消化产物对STC-1细胞分泌CCK的影响。实验结果表明:燕麦分离蛋白经胃肠消化后,消化产物的分子质量小于10kDa,释放的可溶性氮的比例为90.11%,消化产物可溶性部分中游离氨基酸的比例为22.8%,肽的比例为67.31%,并且肽的分子质量主要在1000Da以下(约74%);燕麦分离蛋白消化产物中必需氨基酸总量占38.75%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值为0.63,且必需氨基酸指数(0.95)大于0.90。燕麦分离蛋白消化产物对STC-1细胞影响的实验结果表明,燕麦分离蛋白消化产物对STC-1细胞生长具有显著的促进作用,且能够增加CCK的合成和分泌。研究结果表明,燕麦分离蛋白作为一种优质的蛋白质原料,不仅具有优良的营养功能,而且具有促进肠内分泌细胞分泌CCK的生物活性,在食品领域具有较大的应用潜力。