几种散射辐射模型精度的对比

通过对既有散射辐射模型的分析,结合上海地区太阳辐射实测数据,建立了各向异性散射辐射新模型,其后从天气类型、朝向、季节和倾角等方面对新模型及既有模型的精度进行了对比分析.对天气类型的研究表明,阴天或多云天时,Klucher模型、Hay模型及Skartveit和Olseth模型与实测值较为吻合;但晴天时,Perez模型和新各向异性散射辐射(NADR)模型更佳.对朝向的研究表明,对于东向和北向,Perez模型和NADR模型较为准确;而对于南向和西向,Liu和Jordan模型,NADR模型较为准确.对季节的研究表明,夏秋季Perez模型和NADR模型较为准确;秋冬季Liu和Jordan模型,NADR模型较为准确.对于倾角的研究表明,Klucher模型与实测值较为吻合,各类散射辐射模型在计算倾角较小的倾斜面散射辐射精度优于倾角较大的情况.对天气、朝向、季节和倾角等多因素的综合考虑表明,Temps和Coulson模型,Gueymard模型准确性相对较低,而NADR模型的准确性最高.     

单轴各向异性左手介质填充波导截止特性的FDTD分析

给出用时域有限差分(finite-difference time-domain,FDTD)法分析单轴各向异性左手介质填充波导问题的差分公式.为验证递推公式的正确性和有效性,计算了各向同性左手介质填充矩形波导TE模归一化截止频率,计算结果与文献报道吻合较好;分析了介质厚度以及介质的相对磁导率对部分各向同性及各向异性左手介质填充矩形波导TE模归一化截止频率的影响.     

热动力学框架内的RPC材料弹塑性各向异性损伤本构建模研究

考虑材料刚度的退化,不可恢复应变,非弹性体胀及单边效应,建立了RPC材料的弹塑性各向异性损伤本构关系.采用有效应力张量的正负分解,拉压不同的塑性硬化法则和拉压不同的损伤演化法则对RPC材料的单边效应进行了建模.采用张量型的损伤变量来描述损伤的各向异性,通过四阶损伤效应张量和应变等效假设建立有效构形和损伤构形中的物理量之间的关系.在热动力学框架内,建立了RPC材料的状态势和耗散势,由状态律给出了与状态变量共轭的热动力学广义力与状态变量之间的关系,由动力律给出了状态变量的演化关系,由塑性加载条件,损伤准则和一致性条件给出了塑性乘子和损伤乘子的大小,最终推导出弹塑性损伤切线刚度张量,为数值方法的实施典定基础,讨论了材料参数确定的方法和模型的局限性,为进一步的工作指明了方向.     

具有DM相互作用的各向异性XY模型的保真度

采用保真度和保真率的方法研究了具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用的各向异性XY模型的量子相变.数值研究了保真度和保真率在量子相变点附近的行为,结果表明采用保真度和保真率方法研究该模型的量子相变切实可行.     

Magnetoresistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions

The magnetoresistance and I-V characteristics at different temperatures of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions of variable width (from 20 to 250 nm) and 10 nm thicknesses, fabricated by electron beam lithography and vacuum thin film deposition are compared. The magnetoresistance and resistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions are not related to the width of the nanoconstrictions. Instead the resistance of the local nano-region in the middle of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstriction has only a minor role compared to that of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes, which contribute the majority of the measured resistance. The magnetoresistances of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions and a 0.2 cm × 0.8 cm thin ferromagnetic film deposited under the same conditions were also compared; the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions have higher magnetoresistances than the thin ferromagnetic film, which implies that the measured magnetoresistance of the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions comes mainly from the local nano-region in their centers. In conclusion, the measured magnetoresistance of the whole sample is similar to the anisotropic magnetoresistance, because the resistance of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes is much higher than that of the local nano-region in the middle of the samples. Comparing the experimental results for the thin film ferromagnetic nanoconstrictions and the thin ferromagnetic film reveals that the magnetoresistance of the local nano-region in the middle of the sample is much higher than that of the two microscale thin film ferromagnetic electrodes attached to it.     

Excitation energy transfer mechanisms in allophycocyanin (I)

The mechanisms of excitation energy transfer within allophycocyanin monomer with the theory of generalized master equation (GME) and the technique of time-resobed fluorescence anisotropic spectroscopy are studied. In the case of known information of its structure and spectra, the theory applied is based on the assumption that the coupling interaction between two chromophores is fairly weak. The theory correctly predicts the experimentlly observed rate for excitation energy transfer in allophycocyanin monomer. Based on the results, the energy transfer mechanism can be described as Förster and these processes cannot take place from the high vibrational levels of donor to acceptor.     

各向异性外问题的并行Schwarz算法及其收敛性

对于无界区域各向异性常系数椭圆型偏微分方程,研究了一种并行Schwarz算法。在常数权因子下通过L ions的投影解释证明了其收敛性,在变权因子下改进了并行Schwarz算法,并分析了其收敛性。     

Poisson方程各向异性一阶混合元格式

研究了Poisson方程在各向异性网格下的一阶混合元格式，在不引入传统投影算子的情况下，直接利用插值技巧得到了与以往文献相同的误差估计．     

层状岩体强度结构面特征的数值分析

运用FLAC3D软件建立层状岩体试件模型,分析单轴压缩情况下的破坏模式和强度各向异性特征.研究结果表明:随着结构面倾角β的增大,试件抗压强度σc呈现先减小后增大的趋势;当结构面倾角为20°～30°和80°～90°时,试件抗压强度对β的灵敏度最大;当β为30°～70°时,σc变化不大;当结构面内摩擦角φj＜β＜90°时,数值计算结果和理论计算结果差别较小;当β≤φj或β=90°时,两者差别较大,数值计算结果明显小于理论计算结果;数值模拟结果能够反映出β≤φj和β=90°对应的岩体抗压强度存在一定差别,与实际情况相符.     

基于各向异性扩散的多细节图像消噪方案

文章针对传统消噪方法在消除噪声的同时破坏了图像的细节信息的缺点,基于各向异性扩散方程实现数字图像中的消噪,并与中值滤波、均值滤波和各向同性扩散进行比较,实验仿真证明各向异性扩散消噪在消除噪声的同时更好的保留了图像的细节信息。