肥胖对男孩青春期启动的影响及其与运动减肥

本文通过查阅文献,综述了肥胖影响男孩青春期启动的相关因素,探讨通过运动减肥来缓解肥胖引起的青春期性发育不良症状,为肥胖儿童运动减肥及预防肥胖儿童性发育不良提供理论依据.     

肥胖,高脂血症性脂肪性肝炎模型的建立

为建立大鼠肥胖、高脂血症性脂肪性肝炎（ＮＡＳＨ）的动物模型。取雄性ＳＤ大鼠１９只,随机人分为模型组（ｎ＝１０）和正常组（ｎ＝９）。模型组喂高脂饮食,即普通饲料基础上加１０％猪油,２％胆固醇。正常组喂普通饲料。观察一般情况血清肝功能、血脂,并行病理学检查。模型组体重、肝指数、血清总胆固醇、游高脂肪酸及转氨酶均显著高于正常组;病理学均出现弥漫性肝细胞脂肪变性,且１００％存在小叶内炎症,８０％出现汇管区     

实验性肥胖动物模型

阐述了遗传性、下丘脑性及饮食诱导性肥胖动物模型的造型方法及有关的生理代谢特点.     

超重和肥胖与脂肪肝的相关性分析

目的：调查拉萨市墨竹工卡县不同人群脂肪肝的患病率,分析脂肪肝与体质指数、性别、职业之间的关系。方法：对随机抽样的247名干部和365名农牧民测量的身高、体重、腹部B超检查结果进行统计分析。结果：墨竹工卡县脂肪肝的患病率为15.4%;脂肪肝组的超重和肥胖检出率为74.5%,明显高于非脂肪肝组的27.8%;男、女性脂肪肝患病率无差异;不同各职业间患病率有显著差异。结论：脂肪肝的发病与超重和肥胖密切相关,控制体重是降低人群脂肪肝患病率的重要措施。     

脂肪组织功能紊乱与肥胖和糖尿病

脂肪组织是机体的重要器官,主要负责能量的储存和代谢,同时分泌多种激素和细胞因子,参与机体生理功能的调控。近年来的研究表明脂肪组织的功能紊乱与肥胖和糖尿病密切相关,为进一步探讨两者的关系,综述了脂肪组织的生理和内分泌功能以及脂肪组织功能紊乱与胰岛素抵抗、肥胖和糖尿病发生、发展的关系。     

C57BL/6小鼠在肥胖建模过程中常见问题及处理对策

目的发现C57BL/6小鼠在肥胖模型造模过程中出现的问题,并找到解决这些问题的有效方法。方法对出现耳朵感染、脱毛和打架引起外伤的小鼠分别采取相应预防或局部处理措施,使其健康生长。结果打耳标时进行预防性消毒的小鼠耳朵感染风险下降,少量耳朵感染的小鼠经过消毒恢复健康。脱毛小鼠进行隔离消毒后皮毛恢复完整。受轻微外伤小鼠隔离消毒后恢复健康。结论本文提到的C57BL/6小鼠肥胖模型造模过程中出现的各种问题及处理对策可为其他相关科研人员提供参考。     

Genetic factors for human obesity

Obesity is a multifactorial and heterogeneous condition that results from alterations of various genes, each having a partial and additive effect. The inheritance pattern of obesity is thus complex, and environmental factors play an important role in promoting or delaying its development. The identification of susceptibility genes and genetic variants for obesity requires various methodological approaches. Obesity is classified into three main categories on the basis of genetic etiology: monogenic, syndromic, and polygenic obesity. Here we review monogenic and syndromic obesity. We also review the linkage analysis studies followed by the candidate gene approaches and genome-wide association studies. Identification of the underlying genetic causes of obesity will likely provide a basis both for the development of new therapeutic agents and for the personalized prevention of this condition. Received 2 October 2007; received after revision 15 November 2007; accepted 19 November 2007     

Neuropeptide Y: the universal soldier

The peptidic neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) has received great attention because it has been implicated in the regulation of several organ systems. In particular, NPY is involved in the regulatory loops that control food intake in the hypothalamus and appears also to be important for regulating the activity of neuroendocrine axes under poor metabolic conditions. Furthermore, NPY exerts vasoconstrictive action on the vasculature and potentiates the actions of many other vasoconstrictors. In addition, it was demonstrated to have trophic properties and could therefore contribute to cardiovascular remodeling. These various effects plus a number of others make NPY an attractive target for the potential treatment of human diseases, such as obesity, metabolic disorders, hypertension and heart failure. Received 17 July 2002; received after revision 7 November 2002; accepted 29 November 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author.     

青少年单纯性肥胖运动干预措施研究

社会的发展,科技的进步是人们的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化,肥胖日益成为人们面临的最大的健康问题并迅速蔓延,引起各国普遍关注。就如何缓解或者遏制肥胖的进一步恶化的趋势,广大学者进行了广泛的研究探讨。最终干预肥胖的重任落在了运动这一方式上,但是单纯的运动干预已经不能满足人们的需要,综合疗法日益盛行,并取得了良好的效果,运动依然是其中最重要的干预手段。但是目前运动对单纯性肥胖的敢于上还不成熟和完善,许多问题仍需进一步探讨研究。不可否认,在未来对单纯性肥胖的干预上,运动扮演者举足轻重的作用。     

肥胖成因与药物治疗研究进展

肥胖人群的不断扩大及肥胖引发的慢性疾病患病率上升,使减肥受到了全球性重视.综述肥胖发生的原因、药物治疗肥胖的研究与应用现状,目的是避免减肥的盲目性、盲从性,最大程度地降低风险性,对因治疗,以期更好地解决肥胖问题.