氟哌啶醇与阈下剂量吗啡合用对小鼠成瘾性的研究

目的：观察氟哌啶醇与阈下剂量吗啡合用对小鼠成瘾性的影响。方法：自然戒断试验。结果：吗啡与氟哌啶醇配伍组元一发生竖尾和自发惊厥。结论：吗啡与氟哌啶醇合用,在产生明显协同镇痛作用的同时,致成瘾性却比等效剂量吗啡低得多。     

胶质细胞在吗啡耐受中的作用

随着对神经系统研究的不断深入，胶质细胞越来越受到人们的重视。本文就胶质细胞在吗啡中的作用作一综述，主要包括胶质细胞的激活，细胞内的信号转导及分泌的细胞因子三个方面。     

硬膜外注射吗啡用于下腹部手术后镇痛

目的 观察下腹部术后硬膜外注射吗啡镇痛的疗效。方法 择期下腹部手术病人５１例,待手术缝皮时,经硬膜外导管注射吗啡液（吗啡２ｍｇ加生理盐水１０ｍＬ）用于术后镇痛。结果 注药前后ＨＲ,ＭＡＰ,ＳＰＯ２无显著性并异（Ｐ〉０．０５）;术后２４ｈＶＡＳ显著高于术后４ｈ（Ｐ〈０．０５）,但无临床意义;术后并发恶心呕吐６例,尿潴留２例,瘙痒１例。结论 硬膜外注射吗啡用于腹部手术后镇育取得了良好的疗效,值得推广。     

异丙酚用于小儿心脏术后机械通气时镇静作用80例临床观察

目的比较异丙酚与吗啡、羟丁酸钠用于小儿心脏手术后机械通气时的镇静作用及对血流动力学的影响.方法 80例先天性心脏病手术患儿随机分为异丙酚(PP)组和吗啡、羟丁酸钠(MR)组,每组40例.PP组全程静脉输注异丙酚l0～50μg·kg-1·min-镇静,MR组用吗啡0.1～0.2mg/kg、羟丁酸钠120mg/kg镇静,观察镇静期间的镇静深度、相关时间及血流动力学变化.结果 PP组镇静评分、停药至脱机及拔管时间、拔管后嗜睡率明显低于MR组(P＜0.05),但满意镇静时间长于MR组(P＜0.05);pP组循环较MR组稳定,心率、血压均低于MR组(P＜0.05).结论异丙酚静脉输注法用于小儿心脏手术后机械通气时的镇静,效果优于吗啡、羟丁酸钠.     

心肌早期预适应与晚期预适应的协同作用

探讨心肌早期预适应与晚期预适应之间是否存在协同作用，方法：采用热处理方法诱导晚期邓适应，吗啡静脉注射诱导早期预适应，腹腔注射异丙基肾上腺素复制在体心肌梗死模型，结果：热处理和吗啡分别可诱导晚期与早期预适应，改善心肌梗死后的心功能，热处理后再予吗啡预适应可进一步改善心肌梗死后的心功能，结论：心肌早期预适应与晚期预适应可产生协同作用，从而加强预适应的心肌保护程度。     

Spontaneous morphine withdrawal from the rat spinal cord

Summary A characteristic and reproducible sign of narcotic withdrawal is the naloxone induced increase in arterial pressure. In morphine-dependent rats allowed to undergo spontaneous withdrawal (6–24 h) and then transected at the spinal C-1 level, arterial pressure was maintained at a significantly higher level than either spinal-transected nondependent controls or morphine-dependent, spinal-transected rats pithed from C-1 to L-4. These findings indicate that the morphine-dependent spinal cord, independent of supraspinal influences, is able to exhibit an autonomic component of spontaneous withdrawal.This study was supported by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration. A preliminary report of aspects of this work appeared in Soc. Neurosci. Abs.10 (1984) 1113.     

盐酸吗啡片含量的荷移光谱法测定

研究了吗啡与7,7,8,8 四氰基对二次甲基苯醌(TCNQ)的荷移反应,对反应条件进行了优化.在丙酮介质中,二者在30℃中30min即可形成荷移络合物,分别在743和840nm处有较强光吸收,吗啡浓度在0.5～9和0.6～9μg·mL-1范围内符合比尔定律,其表观摩尔吸光系数分别在1.1×104及1.4×104,方法的相对标准偏差为1.8%(n=9).     

Ocular instillation of naloxone increases intraocular pressure in morphine-addicted patients: A possible test for detecting misuse of morphine

Summary The effect of conjunctival instillation of naloxone on intraocular pressure has been examined in morphine-addicted patients as compared to non-addicted healthy volunteers. Morphine-addicted subjects showed a lower basal value of intraocular pressure as compared to the control volunteers. The instillation of naloxone caused a normalization of intraocular pressure to a level similar to that of control volunteers. This test seems to be a useful screening method for detecting morphine addiction.     

氟哌啶醇与吗啡合用对醋酸导致小鼠扭体反应的影响

目的 观测阈下镇痛剂量的吗啡与氟哌啶醇合用后对醋酸导致小鼠扭体反应的抑制作用。方法 小鼠腹腔注射（ip)药物20min后,再ip0.7%醋酸致痛,记录注射醋酸后小鼠出现扭体的时间和20min内的扭体次数。结果 阈下镇痛剂量的吗啡（1．25mg/kg）与氟哌啶醇（0．625mg/kg)合用后,显著地抑制醋酸导致小鼠扭体次数和延长扭体出现的潜伏期。结论 氟哌啶醇与吗啡合用后可产生明显的协同镇痛作用。     

快速分析阿片中的吗啡

采用大口径毛细管气相色谱法，以正二十四烷为内标，定量测定了阿片中吗啡的含量，回收率为91．3％－94．5％，相对标准偏差均小于2．5％，该方法分析速度快，定量准确，重现性好．