用MPL实现汇编程序结构化控制流

讨论在ＭＰＬ（ＭＡＣＲＯＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＬＡＮＧＵＡＧＥ）环境下，实现汇编源程序的结构化控制流的方法．给出通过定义公有标号变量和自定义栈来设计结构化控制流的设计方法，并给出在高级语言中常用的控制流如ｆｏｒｎｅｘｔ、ｉｆｆｈｅｎ、ｗｈｉｌｅｄｏ、ｄｏｗｈｉｌｅ和ｓｗｉｔｃｈｃａｓｅ等在汇编源程序中的具体实现技术．这种方法可压缩汇编源代码的代码量，改善源程序的可读性，进而提高汇编源程序的编码效率     

Latent class DEDICOM

A probabilistic DEDICOM model was proposed for mobility tables. The model attempts to explain observed transition probabilities by a latent mobility table and a set of transition probabilities from latent classes to observed classes. The model captures asymmetry in observed mobility tables by asymmetric latent mobility tables. It may be viewed as a special case of both the latent class model and DEDICOM with special constraints. A maximum penalized likelihood (MPL) method was developed for parameter estimation. The EM algorithm was adapted for the MPL estimation. Two examples were given to illustrate the proposed method. The work reported in this paper has been supported by grant A6394 to the first author from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and by a fellowship of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences to the second author. We would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.     

Performance improvement for air-cooled open-cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell with different design parameters of the gas diffusion layer

Air-cooled open-cathode LTPEMFC (AO-LTPEMFC) has been developed as a new power source for the portable power supply. The effect of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) on AO-LTPEMFC operation in challenging ambient air conditions was investigated in the present study. The effect of the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on the substrate layer and microporous layer (MPL), the thickness of GDL and the pulse width modulation (PWM) of the fan on cell performance as well as the cathode outlet surface temperature distribution were investigated. The polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and dynamic voltage test were used to correlate the structural characteristics of GDL with heat dissipation, oxygen transport and water management in AO-LTPEMFC. The results showed that GDL with appropriate PTFE content in the substrate layer and MPL could significantly optimize cell performance. In addition, the thickness of GDL also had a certain impact on the mass and heat transfer of the fuel cell, while the water management in GDL was affected by PWM of the fan, simultaneously. Combined with the practice process, the optimum values of the substrate layer PTFE content, MPL layer PTFE content and thickness of GDL were identified to be 10%, 40%, and 200 μm, respectively.     

Efficacy of tumor cell vaccine after incorporating monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) in tumor cell membranes containing tumor-associated ganglioside

Murine B16 melanoma expresses the ganglioside. GM₃. GM₃ shed from tumor cells is immunosuppressive and promotes tumor growth¹. Reduction or elimination of the shed GM₃ could be therapeutic, and the anti-GM₃ antibodies may reduce and clear the shed ganglioside. To test this hypothesis, mice were challenged with tumor cells, with or without inducing anti-GM₃ antibody response. Since gangliosides are poor immunogens and T-cell independent antigens, an adjuvant (monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a non-toxic lipid A ofSalmonella), directed against B-cells, was employed. MPL was incorporated onto liposomes and into the surface membrane of B16 mouse melanoma cells; both are rich in GM₃. C57BL/6J mice immunized with MPL-liposomes or MPL-B16 cells responded with elevated levels of anti-GM₃ IgM. Non-immunized mice or mice immunized with B16 cells alone or ganglioside GM₃ alone (without MPL) elicited poor anti-GM₃ IgM response, confirming the GM₃'s immunologic crypticity and MPL's immunopotentiating effect. MPL's immunopotentiating effect was improved by coupling it to melanoma cell membranes C57BL/6J mice were immunized with irradiated B16 alone or MPL alone or MPL-conjugated irradiated B16. After three weekly immunizations, each mouse received a challenge dose of viable syngeneic B16. Neither MPL alone nor B16 alone had a significant effect on tumor growth or host survival; however, administration of MPL-conjugated B16 cells significantly prevented tumor growth and prolonged survival. Our results indicate that MPL-incorporated B16 cells augment the anti-GM₃ IgM response, which may reverse GM₃-induced immunosuppression by eliminating tumor-derived GM₃, and restore immunocompetence.     

北京地区大气气溶胶的激光雷达观测及反演算法研究

利用微脉冲激光雷达在北京地区的观测, 研究两种避开利用高空信号的反演算法。算法一,根据Fernald的反演算法把边界取在混合层中间某处, 并结合太阳光度计的观测进行反演。通过激光雷达与同一地点自动气象站的地面观测比较验证了反演结果, 表明该方案用于激光雷达的气溶胶消光系数反演是可行的。算法二,由于激光雷达近端处的信号和地面气溶胶消光系数线性相关, 从而利用地面气溶胶观测数据反演雷达常数和观测期间气溶胶平均后向散射比, 结果与第一种方案一致, 表明利用该方法反演是可行的。最后利用这次激光雷达的观测, 分析北京地区冬季一次西伯利亚高压过境时的气溶胶演变过程, 将激光雷达观测与南郊观测站地面观测进行比较, 并验证了激光雷达的反演结果和算法的可靠性。