Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of a novel Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling

In view of the special requirements for strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy for oil drilling, the Al-6.2 Zn-2.5 Mg-1.6 Cu alloy was prepared by increasing Cu content on basis of Russian Series 1953 alloy. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and properties of the alloy was characterized by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and investigated by tensile test at room temperature, thermal exposure test and corrosion test. The results show that the strength after T6 aging treatment exhibit a decrease trend as an increase of the solution temperature from465 °C to 480 °C. After the solution treated by the rate of 470 °C/1 h, second phases dissolve into the matrix very well and the strength property reaches optimum. The alloy has better comprehensive properties treated by a solution treatment of 470 °C/1 h and then followed by an aging treatment of 120 °C/24 h + 170 °C/1 h + 120 °C/24 h. Under the aging state, the precipitated phases inside the grains are suitable in size, while on the grain boundary distribute discontinuously and the precipitate-free zone is obvious. Besides, the alloy still maintain high tensile properties. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation are 650 MPa, 686 MPa,12.0%, respectively. The yield strength retention after heat exposure is 92%. The alloy has good corrosion resistance and the exfoliation corrosion degree. The average corrosion rate in the H_2S and CO_2 environment is 0.0024 mm/a, which is far less than the required 0.12 mm/a. It is insensitive to H_2S and CO_2 environments.     

Improvement in the protective performance and adhesion of polypyrrole coating on AZ31 Mg alloys

The electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole (Ppy) coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy was successfully achieved in a solution containing sodium salicylate and monomer of pyrrole through cyclic voltammetry technique. The effect of potential range, passivation pretreatment and number of cycles of polymerization on the quality and protective performance of the coatings was evaluated using surface analysis and electrochemical techniques. Through taking the advantage of charge transfer resistance, current density, corrosion potential, optical microscopy images and SEM micrographs, the optimum condition of synthesis of a Ppy coating with the best adhesion and corrosion protection was determined. The optimal PPy coating synthesized over AZ31 increases the polarization resistance and decreases the corrosion current more than one order of magnitude and shift the corrosion potential about 200 mV toward nobler potentials. The SEM studies showed that Ppy coating have cauliflower morphology of Ppy grains with a diameter ranging from 20 nm to 60 nm.     

三元层状氮化物Ti_4AlN_3的抗腐蚀性能

研究了以热压烧结合成的Ti_4AlN_3块体材料在浓和稀HCl,HNO_3以及NaOH中浸泡100 d的腐蚀行为。结果表明,Ti_4AlN_3在HCl中主要表现为孔蚀和晶间腐蚀,且在浓HCl中的失重要大于稀HCl;由失重曲线可见Ti_4AlN_2在浓HNO_3中失重最大,为11.73 mg/cm~2,由腐蚀面SEM照片可见较严重的全面腐蚀和剥蚀,XRD图谱显示一部分Ti_4AlN_3由于失去Al层从而转变为在酸碱中更为稳定的TiN。在酸溶液中,Ti_4AlN_3晶体的Ti-Al,Ti-Ti和Al-Al键发生断裂,Ti,Al原子溶解在溶液中。Ti_4AlN_3在NaOH中几乎没有失重,表现出良好的耐碱性能。     

新型LS－101高温缓蚀剂的研制与工业应用

本文研制出一种适用于常减压装置高温运行部位的LS－101高温缓蚀剂，实验室测试结果表明，该药剂的缓蚀率达到97％以上。工业应用结果表明，LS－101有良好的高温缓蚀性能，对抑制常减压装置的高温部位腐蚀具有很好的效果。     

苏桥储气库群高压、高温介质管道腐蚀控制措施

结合苏桥储气库群特殊工况,从介质温度、系统压力、流速、流态等分析引起管道腐蚀的各种因素,最后总结出一系列较为适宜的腐蚀控制措施。     

不锈钢波纹管失效分析

通过对某合成氨厂冰机冷凝器使用的波纹管宏观分析、成分分析、金相分析、电镜分析,同时结合生产工艺对波纹管失效的原因进行探讨。结果表明:材料中的夹杂物的存在是形成破损通道的主要原因。适当提高不锈钢中的Cr含量,可以提高波纹管的耐蚀性。     

舱底液压蝶阀密封优选与应用

本文针对舱底液压蝶阀容易泄漏、洗舱更换阀门作业困难等难题,在阐述液压蝶阀工作的液压原理和密封件的受力机理基础上,通过对故障液压蝶阀执行机构的拆检,分析执行机构密封失效的原因,提出选用聚四氟乙烯加石墨和青铜密等材质做密封件的方法,以提高密封材料的耐高温、耐腐蚀和抗老化性能,从而延长液压蝶阀维修周期.通过油田现场的应用证明,该新型密封件在耐腐蚀和抗老化方面都比原有密封圈有较大幅度提高.     

Engineering acid dew temperature: the limitation for flue gas heat recovery

In order to study how deep we can reduce the temperature of exhaust flue gas, an experiment focusing on the combined influence of ash deposition and acid condensation on the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger was carried out in a 300-MW boiler unit. An annular tube was inserted into the flue gas duct between the air preheater and the electrostatic precipitator. The water with given temperature firstly entered the inner tube and then flowed into the outer tube at the end of the inner tube. It is found that heat transfer performance drops sharply at fixed temperature range under given coal quality. The turning temperature is defined as the engineering acid dew temperature （EADT）. When the inlet water temperature is under the EADT, ash sticks to the tube and is difficult to blow off, and thus the flow resistance rises. Furthermore, the corrosion can be observed obviously. From the point of economy and reliability, EADT is the limitation for flue gas heat recovery. The EADT is at least 30 ℃ lower than ADT calculated by traditional empirical and theoretical equations.     

Effect of pickling processes on the microstructure and properties of electroless Ni–P coating on Mg–7.5Li–2Zn–1Y alloy

The electroless plating Ni–P is prepared on the surface of Mg–7.5Li–2Zn–1Y alloys with different pickling processes.The microstructure and properties of Ni–P coating are investigated.The results show that the Ni–P coatings deposited using the different pickling processes have a different high phosphorus content amorphous Ni–P solid solution structure,and the Ni–P coatings exhibit higher hardness.There is higher phosphorus content of Ni–P amorphous coating using 125 g/L Cr O3and 110 ml/L HNO3(w68%)than using 180 g/L Cr O3and 1 g/L KF during pre-treatment,and the coating structure is more compact,and the Ni–P coatings exhibit more excellent adhesion with substrate(Fcup to22 N).The corrosion potential of Ni–P coating is improved and exhibits good corrosion resistance.As a result,Mg-7.5Li-2Zn-1Y alloy is remarkably protected by the Ni–P coating.     

高温及等离子体环境下液态锡与钨筛网的相容性研究

本文利用真空管式炉和四川大学直线等离子体与材料表面相互作用平台（SCU-PSI）, 探究了静态高温以及高密度氢等离子体环境下液态锡（Sn）对钨基多孔筛网结构（CPS）的润湿及腐蚀行为. 实验结果发现,在静态高温环境下液态Sn润湿钨筛网（4层150目）的阈值温度为950 ℃,且随着实验温度升高,润湿效果越好. 当实验温度达到1050 ℃时,在钨筛网表面观察到大量SnO2棒状结构. 这种棒状结构可能是由于管式炉中存在少量的氧气,在高温作用下Sn和氧气发生反应生成SnO2纳米晶. 当液态Sn-CPS结构进一步被离子通量为7.71×1022 m-2*s-1和热负荷为54.55 kW*m-2 的氢等离子体辐照时,钨筛网出现大面积断裂,形成丝状结构;而在没有液态Sn润湿的情况下,钨筛网表面没有出现类似损伤. 这可能是在高密度氢等离子体辐照作用下,氢等离子体与SnO2的协同作用加剧了钨筛网的损伤,造成了钨丝硬化断裂. 本文的实验结果为未来液态Sn-CPS在聚变装置中的实际应用提供了一定的参考.