三钩虫属(单殖吸虫,锚首虫科)2外来种的描述

记述了锚首虫科Ancyrocephalidae三钩虫属Trianchoratus Price et Berry(1966)2外来种,即寄生在接吻鱼Helostoma temm incki和毛足鲈Trichogaster trichopterus鳃上的2种单殖吸虫,分别是无棒三钩虫Trianchoratus acleithrium Price et Berry(1966)和毛足鲈三钩虫Trianchoratus trichogasteriumL im(1986).对2外来种进行了形态描述并给出特征图.     

A revision of Monocotyle Taschenberg, 1878 (Monogenea: Monocotylidae) with descriptions of three new species from Australia

Monocotyle is revised and three new species are proposed. Monocotyle corali sp. nov. is described from the gills of the cowtail ray, Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål) (Dasyatididae), and is distinguished from other members of Monocotyle by the large hamuli with a distinct tail on the guard and by the male copulatory organ with three loops and a wing-like accessory piece at the distal end. Monocotyle jordani sp. nov. from the gills of the southern eagle ray, Myliobatis australis Macleay (Myliobatididae), is differentiated by the male copulatory organ with a large, unique accessory piece. Monocotyle youngi sp. nov., from the gills of Himantura fai Jordan and Seale (Dasyatididae), has marginal haptoral papillae armed with 12 to 15 sclerites, a male copulatory organ with 20 loops and a unique accessory piece at the distal end. Monocotyle trygoni (Venkatanarsaiah and Kulkarni, 1980) Timofeeva, 1985 is synonymized with M. spirophallus Tripathi, 1959 and M. spirophallus is redescribed fully. There are now 16 valid species of Monocotyle and a key to species is presented. Additional data and illustrations of important taxonomic characters are provided. The developmental sequence of the male copulatory organ of M. spiremae Measures, Beverley-Burton and Williams, 1990 from juvenile to adult is described. The anterior glands and the type of secretion they contain are also documented for several species of Monocotyle.     

锚首虫科(单殖亚纲)两种海盘虫的形态研究

对寄生在海洋鱼类黑鲷Sparusmacrocephalus(Basilewsdy)和紫红笛鲷Lutjanusargentimaculatus(Forskai)鳃上的深圳海盘虫Haliotremashenzhenensis和寄生在短尾大眼鲷Priacanthusmacracathus(Cuvier&Valenciennes)鳃上的鹤嘴海盘虫Haliotremagruinale的形态结构进行了研究,并比较了不同宿主鳃上深圳海盘虫的形态差异.     

珠江水系外来鱼类单殖吸虫研究Ⅰ——尼罗罗非鱼鳃上4种单殖吸虫(包括3新纪录种)的描述

记述了寄生于珠江广州大学城周边水系的尼罗罗非鱼(Tilapia niloticus)鳃上的4种锚首虫科Ancyro-cephalidae单殖吸虫,即色斯顿嗜丽鱼虫(Cichlidogyrus thurstonae Ergens,1981);莱苇克嗜丽鱼虫(Cichlidogyrus levequei Pariselle＆Euzet,1996);罗非鱼嗜丽鱼虫(Cichlidogyrus hapiochromii Paperna＆Thurston,1969);几丁嗜丽鱼虫(Cichlidogyrus sclerosus Palerna＆Thurston,1969);其中后3种为中国新纪录.对4种单殖吸虫进行形态描述并给出特征图.     

A revision of Neobenedenia Yamaguti, 1963 (Monogenea: Capsalidae) including a redescription of N. melleni (MacCallum, 1927) Yamaguti, 1963

Neobenedenia Yamaguti, 1963, a genus of capsalid (benedeniine) monogeneans lacking a vagina, is redefined. The generic diagnosis is amended to include previously unused characters like the path of tendons in the haptor from extrinsic muscles in the body, the presence and form of a marginal valve, the shape of the anterior attachment organs, the arrangement of musculature at the posterior (proximal) end of the penis sac and the presence of a pair of sphincters in the female reproductive tract. On this basis, the generic composition is reduced from 10 to six species. Species considered valid are: N. melleni (MacCallum, 1927) Yamaguti, 1963; N. adenea (Meserve, 1938) Yamaguti, 1963; N. isabellae (Meserve, 1938) Yamaguti, 1963; N. longiprostata Bravo-Hollis, 1971; N. muelleri (Meserve, 1938) Yamaguti, 1963; N. pacifica Bravo-Hollis, 1971. Neobenedenia girellae (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 and N. paragueraensis Dyer, Williams and Bunkley-Williams, 1992 are considered synonyms of N. melleni. Species formerly ascribed to Neobenedenia, namely N. manilae Velasquez, 1982 and N. vermiculariacola Gupta and Khanna, 1975 are considered species inquirendae. A key to valid species is presented. The type species, N. melleni, is redescribed based on the original specimens of MacCallum and N. isabellae is redescribed based on material from the type locality. Since no types of N. melleni were designated, a lectotype and paralectotypes are assigned. The problem of host designation and locality for the types of N. melleni sensu MacCallum is discussed. A study of more than 80 specimens now considered to be N. melleni has permitted comments on its apparent variety of forms and its low host-specificity according to the current revision. N. melleni is now recorded from over 100 species of teleosts in more than 30 families from five different orders. Material reported previously as N. melleni off Chile from Seriola mazatlana, Thunnus thynnus orientalis and Seriola sp. are identified here as Benedenia seriolae (Yamaguti, 1934) Price, 1939. The host-specificity and geographic distribution of species in the revised genus is discussed.     

The anatomy and attachment mechanism of the haptor of a Capsala sp. (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea: Capsalidae) on the blue marlin,Makaira nigricans (Istiophoridae)

The muscular anatomy and fine structure of the haptor of a monogenean, Capsala sp., together with an observational distribution study, are described from specimens collected from the dorsolateral and ventral surfaces of the blue marlin, Makaira nigricans. The haptor is composed of seven loculi, which are arranged around a central pair of accessory sclerites. Marginal hooklets and hamuli were not observed. The presence of an outline left by the haptor on the host's skin and the lack of evidence of an adhesive secretion suggested that the haptor attaches primarily by suction. Tendons originating in the extrinsic peduncle muscles insert, via a proximal notch in the accessory sclerites, into the basal tegumental lamina on the ventral surface of the haptor. On contraction the centre of the haptor is thought to be drawn upwards both directly by the extrinsic tendons in the haptoral wall but also by the accessory sclerites which are brought into a vertical position. This increases the volume beneath the haptor, consequently reducing the pressure and thus producing suction. The ribbed marginal valve prevents the inward movement of water. Intrinsic circular and radial muscles in the haptoral wall are also thought to produce suction by drawing the haptoral wall inwards, again increasing the volume beneath and causing a pressure reduction. It is suggested that interconnecting fibres observed between the intrinsic muscles may store elastic energy, allowing Capsala sp. to maintain suction attachment without having constantly to contract its muscles. Papillae on the inner ( = ventral) surface of the haptor are suggested to aid attachment by firstly spreading the negative pressure over the inner surface of the haptor and, secondly, through resisting the shear forces encountered as the fish swims. Both functions are achieved by increasing the surface area of contact with the host's skin, and therefore the frictional forces. Theoretical estimates of the suction efficiency indicate that suction is double the maximum theoretical drag forces which would be experienced by Capsala sp. when M. nigricans is swimming at speeds of both 1 and 20 m s^?1 and suggests that suctorial attachment is efficient. The distribution of Capsala sp. is not thought to be restricted by the surface topography of the host, demonstrated by the fact that individuals were located in both the roughest and smoothest areas of the marlin's skin surface. Distribution is therefore thought to be influenced by other factors such as hydrodynamics, nutritional value of the attachment site, immunological restrictions or cross‐fertilization between parasites.     

中国海洋鱼类单殖吸虫研究XXII. 分室科一新记录属

记述采自广东汕尾青干金枪鱼Thunnus tonggol鼻腔中的1种单殖吸虫——卡氏嗜鼻虫Nasicola klawei (Stunkard,1962) Yamaguti,1968.所获标本的形态结构及大小与原始描述及Yamaguti(1968)、Kohn等(2004)的描述基本一致，但在子宫结构、睾丸数目及后吸器边缘小钩的长度上略有差别.嗜鼻虫属及卡氏嗜鼻虫均为我国新记录，青干金枪鱼为宿主新记录     

Four new species of Hargicotyle Mamaev, 1972 (Diclidophoridae) parasites on sciaenid fishes from Peru and Chile

Hargicotyle magna sp. nov., Hargicotyle paralonchuri sp. nov., Hargicotyle sciaenae sp. nov., from the gills of the Sciaenids Sciaena fasciata, Paralonchurus peruanus and Sciaena deliciosa, respectively, and Hargicotyle menticirrhi sp. nov. from the gill and mouth of Menticirrhus ophicephalus are described from the northern Chilean and central Peruvian coast. Distinct characteristics of the new species are the distribution of the vitelline follicles; the number and distribution of the testes, the size, shape and number of larval hooks; and the presence of one or two suckers in each clamp.     

中国外来鱼类寄生强壮伞片虫(单殖吸虫,锚首虫科)的描述

记述了锚首虫科Ancyrocephalidae单殖吸虫中国1外来属,1外来种,即寄生在神仙鱼Pterophyllum scalare鳃上的伞片虫属Sciadicleithrum Kritsky,Thatcher & Boeger,1989,强壮伞片虫Sciadicleithrum iphthimum Kritsky,T...     

A new leaf-resembling genus of bush-cricket from West Africa (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

Trimusculotrema warnaki gen. et sp. nov. is described from the skin of Himantura uarank Forsskål. Trimusculotrema is distinguished from other genera in the Benedeniinae by the following combination of anatomical features: accessory sclerites and anterior hamuli small; haptor with two or three intrinsic, concentric muscle bands; haptor papillate ventrally; cirrus sac with internal seminal vesicle and spermatophore matrix reservoir; separate male and female pores opening ventrally and dorsally respectively; vagina short. On the basis of these features Benedenia micracantha Euzet and Maillard, 1967 from the skin and B. leucanthemum Euzet and Maillard, 1967 from the gills of Dasyatis marmorata Steindachner off Senegal are transferred to the new genus as Trimusculotrema micracantha comb. nov. and T. leucanthemum comb. nov. The presence of haptoral papillae, noted previously in some species of Entobdella, perhaps indicates that the new genus is more closely related to entobdellids than to benedeniids. Several living specimens of T. uarnaki had 7 (2–17) eggs in early cleavage projecting from the body, their appendages gripped in a muscular sphincter at the uterine opening. These egg bundles appear to be shed from the parasite soon after laying.