溶解气回注提高致密油藏采收率效果及敏感性

针对致密油藏水平井产量递减快，衰竭开发采收率低等问题，提出了衰竭开发后期回注溶解气提高采收率的方法。基于新疆玛湖凹陷百口泉组地质油藏特征，建立了致密油藏多级压裂双水平井机理模型，系统研究了上述方法在致密油藏中的生产特征及敏感性。结果表明，溶解气回注可以有效提高致密油藏采收率，缓解水平井产量递减的速度。采出程度随注入量、注入速度及吞吐轮次逐渐增加；气体分子的扩散作用可增加基质的受效范围，扩大气体的作用半径；弱非均质性储层（变异系数0.2）采用溶解气吞吐提高采收率效果最佳。敏感性分析结果表明，吞吐轮次对注溶解气提高采收率的影响最大，其次是注入时间、注入速度、扩散系数、焖井时间。另外，建立的代理模型可准确预测和优化致密油藏注溶解气提高采收率效果。     

The role of orientation experiments in discovering mechanisms

Many types of experiments have been recognized in the literature. One important type we discuss in this article is the orientation experiment. While orientation experiments are like other types of experiments in that they are tests for causal relevance, they also have other qualities. One important (but not the only) goal of these experiments is to offer a rough, qualitative characterization of the mechanism responsible for a capacity of interest, effectively constraining future research. This makes them particularly useful during the early stages of investigation, when an explanandum-phenomenon has just been identified and several (often competing) hypotheses as to the qualitative character of the mechanism responsible for it are proposed. We illustrate our claims, and explicate a number of additional aims that orientation experiments can sometimes serve, by considering three case studies from different era's, namely the discovery of the mechanisms responsible for i) the capacity of eels to produce numbing sensations (17th and 18th century), ii) puerperal fever in Semmelweis' Vienna Maternity Hospital (19th century), and iii) the capacity of pigeons to home (20th century).     

基于计算实验的流感大流行预防策略

流感是人类健康的重大威胁之一.为探索预防新型流感大流行的有效策略,建立了北京市计算流行病模型,评估了边境口岸检疫,病例治疗,病例隔离,社会关系抗病毒预防以及免疫接种措施对四种新型流感大流行的预防效能.结果表明:边境口岸检疫对于预防新型流感大流行的作用非常有限;积极的病例治疗可预防传播能力类似于2009年A(H1N1)的新型流感大流行;高强度的病例治疗和病例隔离可预防传播能力类似于1957年A(H2N2)的新型流感大流行;对于传播能力类似于1918年A(H1N1)的新型流感,在高强度病例治疗和病例隔离的基础上须对病例的社会关系进行抗病毒预防才有可能预防大流行;而对于具有超级传播能力的新型流感(R_03.3),必须依靠有效的广谱疫苗才能预防大流行.研究结果对于进一步完善我国应对流感大流行的应急准备与处置计划具有参考价值.     

关于化学实验教学改革的研究

当前化学实验内容陈旧,联系实际较少,为适应素质教育的要求,应对实验教学进行改革,逐步形成科学的、先进的化学实验教学思路,以充分、全面的发挥化学实验教学的探究功能和育人功能。     

高师武术普修课分块教学的实验研究

采用实验对比的方法 ,探讨武术普修课分块教学的可行性效果 .结果表明 ,武术普修课采用分块教学是可行的 ,且使学生的学习目的性更加明确 ,提高了教学效果     

The Gas Sensitivity of Polypyrrole Film Fabricated by in Situ Polymerization

1 Results Polypyrrole (PPy) is a typical conducting polymer with high conductivity and good stability,and has been widely used for detection of gases including ammonia and nitroxide[1].However the reversiblity and selectivity of the response to these gases are always not satisfying.In the paper,conductive PPy film was deposited on the interdigital electrode modified by one bilayer of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate),by in-situ polymerization with FeCl3 as oxidizin...     

延长光通信传输距离技术探讨

随着光纤传输技术的不断发展,在传输领域中光传输已占主导地位。光纤存在巨大的频带资源和优异的传输性能,是实现高速、大容量传输的最理想的传输媒质。对光纤传输的要求是传的距离越远越好。从光纤传输距离的计算方法入手,结合影响传输距离的几个因素来分析可以从哪些方面入手来延长光纤通信的传输距离。     

计算复特征灵敏度的代数法

对于复特征灵敏度分析问题，文中给出了一种代数法求解公式。从理论分析的角度来说，所提出的方法既适全于单频，也适合于重频。为了说明算法的数值稳定性，文中给出了严格的数学证明。     

通风系统灵敏度分析

从通风系统的风量调控需要出发,研究了风量对风阻变化的灵敏度的数学模型,简化了灵敏度的计算方法,分析了灵敏度矩阵的性质及灵敏度在通风系统分析中的作用和意义,为矿井通风管理和灾变处理提供了有效参数。