石棉对N，N－二甲基苯胺的吸附和氧化作用

研究了青石棉、温石棉、直闪石和铁石棉与不同浓度Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基苯胺（ＤＭＡ）在１１０℃的吸附氧化反应，测定了产物的紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、元素分析和热分析数据．结果表明，四种石棉均能使ＤＭＡ氧化为甲基紫．质子可以提高石棉的氧化能力．此外，反应过程还生成一种紫外可见光最大吸收为３４０ｎｍ的物质，其结构有待进一步鉴定．     

汽车刹车材料台架试验数据分析

选择了２种配方的刹车材料,在惯性台架试验机上进行性能检测．作者依据２种摩擦材料的惯性台架试验,结合粘着理论,对摩擦材料的速度、压力相关性、衰退性能及摩擦稳定性等进行了较为系统的分析,认为摩擦材料制动力矩的提高,不能单纯依赖添加硬质材料,否则,易引起摩擦性能不稳定,出现制动不灵敏及刮伤对偶材料等不良现象．摩擦材料硬度适中,有利于综合性能的提高．     

桐油改性酚醛树脂摩阻材料的研究

采用改进的工艺方法合成了桐油改性酚醛树脂,将其作为粘合剂制备了摩阻材料。试验表明:酚醛树脂经改性后,树脂及材料的性能均得到较大的改善;与其他改性方法的材料相比,摩擦系数较高而稳定。表面分析提示这种材料的热分解温度较高、热摩损较小,而低温下的粘着磨损和磨粒磨损略高。探讨了摩擦前后表面层组成和结构的变化。     

Process optimization of reaction of acid leaching residue of asbestos tailing and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution

Silica is the major component of the acid leaching residue of asbestos tailing.The waterglass solution can be prepared by the reaction of the residue with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.Compared to the high temperature reaction method,this process is environmental friendly and low cost.In this paper,the reaction process of the residue and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is optimized.The optimum reaction process parameters are as follows:the usage of sodium hydroxide is 26.4 g/100 g acid leaching residue,the reaction temperature is 90℃,the reaction time is 1 h,and the ratio of the liquid/solid is 2.0.The significance sequence of the process parameters to the alkali leaching reaction effect is the usage of sodium hydroxidethe ratio of the liquid/solidthe reaction timethe reaction temperature.The significance sequence to the leaching ratio of SiO2 is the ratio of the liquid/solidthe usage of sodium hydroxidethe reaction timethe reaction temperature.The significance sequence to the modulus of the sodium silicate is the ratio of the liquid/solidthe usage of sodium hydroxidethe reaction timethe reaction temperature.Under the optimum conditions,the leaching ratio of the SiO2 is 77.5%,and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 3.15.The XRD analysis result indicates that the major components of the alkali leaching residue are serpentine,talc,quartz and some albite.     

四川石棉县芍药槽透闪石石棉的矿物学特征

作者用X光分析,差热分析、热重分析,红外光谱分析及化学分析等方法,对四川芍药槽石棉的矿物学进行了研究,其化学成分及各种测试的特征均与纯的透闪石相似。芍药槽透闪石石棉具良好耐酸性能。     

Carcinogenesis of asbestos switched on by inducing cross-linkage between DNA complementary pair bases

Since the beginning of the 1980s, Dai Qianhuan predicted based upon his di-region theory that the carcinogenesis switched on by the so-called physical carcinogenic factors including radiation, asbestos and foreign matter implantation, is just initiated through the cross-linking between DNA complementary pair bases induced by them. In this note, it was evidenced with the DNA filter elution method that the oxygenase activated by asbestos induces the cross-linking between DNA inter-strands and DNA-protein with dosage correlation, in which over 80% of DNA inter-strand cross-link ratio account for the total cross-link ratio. Obviously, both of the cross-linkages are just induced by hydroxyl free radical, HO ·, because the ferrous ion increased the cross-link ratios up to several times through Fenton reaction and vitamin C inhibited the cross-link ratios with factors of 8–9 by destroying the hydroxyl radical. Non-carcinogen but with lower free radical formation energy, pyrene, by culturing with asbestos gave 3–4 times cross-link ratios than the original ratios induced by asbestos only. Estradiol, an endogenous carcinogen, as a bio-electrophilic species but with higher free radical formation energy by culturing with asbestos, gave only 1.2 time cross-link ratios than expected ones. Ferrous ion which can increase HO · concentration through Fenton reaction, increased the ratios to 2–2.5 times in the former case but only 1.2 time in the latter case. Vitamin C, a free radical scavenger, gave a powerful inhibition to the cross-linking with a factor of 8–11 in the former case but a weak inhibition with a factor of 1.2 only in the latter case. So, it is evidenced further that the cross-linkages induced by asbestos are originated from hydroxyl radical. Reasonable structures of the cross-linking products induced by asbestos or hydroxyl radical have been depicted based upon AMI MO theory. These structures have been verified further by a reasonable explanation of the mutational spectrum induced by hydroxyl radical.     

石棉纤维辐射接枝有机单体的研究

报道了用电子共辐照法对石棉纤维辐射接枝有机单体表面改性的研究。用法，灼烧法，元素分析，扫描电镜及红外光谱法对接枝共聚物进行表行证明，甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯已通过化学键接枝在石棉纤维上，经接枝反应的质量分数，接枝温度及辐照剂量的研究表明，辐射引发无机材料的接枝反应具有复杂的机理。     

石棉筛分车间粉尘质量浓度分布规律的数值模拟

为了掌握石棉选矿厂筛分车间内部粉尘随时间和空间运移的规律,获取通风除尘优化的参数,以茫崖石棉矿第一选矿厂筛分车间为研究背景,依据气固两相流理论,采用计算机流体力学的离散相(DPM)模型对筛分车间粉尘浓度分布规律数值模拟,并与现场粉尘浓度实测数据比较分析,模拟结果和实测数据相吻合.研究结果表明:筛分设备附近粉尘浓度较高,以筛分设备为中心随着距离增加粉尘浓度降低;捕集边界下粉尘浓度比反弹边界较低,粉尘捕集效果更好;筛分车间进风风速控制在0.6m/s左右时,粉尘沉降效果较好;安装抽风集尘罩后,主抽风管风速为14 m/s时,平均控尘效率达到90%,石棉纤维浓度控制在2.52f/mL以下.     

波伏棱型纤蛇纹石石棉的X射线和电子衍射研究

作者在对我国主要的温石棉矿山的石棉种属进行系统研究时,在青海茫崖石棉矿和吉林集安石棉矿的样品中,分别发现了数个极为稀少的波伏棱型斜纤蛇纹石石棉和波伏棱型正纤蛇纹石石棉样品。通过对样品的X射线和电子衍射分析,在X射线垂直纤维旋转照片上精确地测定了这两种蛇纹石的13L的§值,在电子衍射照片上直观地表现了矿物内核为纤蛇纹石外壳为利蛇纹石的结构特点,为波伏棱型纤蛇纹石石棉的研究提供了新鲜资料。     

基于微机的石棉纸测厚仪

介绍由８０９８单片机和电涡流传感器构成的石棉纸厚监测仪的软、硬件设计．两年的工业现场运行表明该仪器测量精度高、性能稳定、工作可靠．