棉铃虫泛素基因的克隆及序列分析

泛素介导的泛素-蛋白酶体通路(Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway,UPP)是真核细胞内依赖ATP的非溶酶体蛋白质降解途径,该途径对细胞内蛋白的选择性降解起着重要作用.设计一对简并引物,从棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera卵巢细胞Ha831中克隆了泛素基因的编码区,GenBank登录号AY456195.序列分析表明,该编码区的长度为228bp,编码76个氨基酸、其编码蛋白的相对分子质量为8 560,等电点为6.56.同源性比较发现,棉铃虫泛素基因与其他真核生物泛素基因在氨基酸水平上具有96%以上的相似性,而与棉铃虫核多角体病毒泛素的相似性为76%,所有已知的泛素关键功能位点在该泛素蛋白中均保守存在.     

Enzymatic processing of pheromones and pheromone analogs

Summary Pheromone perception requires rapid enzymatic degradation of the active chemical signal in the sensory hairs. Three insects are used to illustrate chemical approaches to studying the degradation of pheromones by antennal enzymes. First, hydrolysis of acetate and haloacetate esters is examined in the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella. Second, aldehyde oxidation and the selective inhibition of the oxidase and dehydrogenase activities are described for the tobacco budworm moth,Heliothis virescens. Finally, a stereochemical analysis of the epoxide-hydrase catalyzed addition of a water molecule to the oxirane ring of disparlure is described for the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar.     

Growth inhibitory,insecticidal and antifeedant effects of some antileukemic and cytotoxic quassinoids on two species of agricultural pests

Summary Several quassinoids, obtained by isolation and derivatization fromSimaba multiflora andSoulamea soulameoides, were evaluated for growth inhibitory and insecticidal effects against the tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) and for antifeedant effects againstH. virescens and the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). The relative activity of the quassinoids as insect growth inhibitors generally paralleled their known relative potency as antileukemic and cytotoxic agents.Phytochemical aspects of this work were supported by Contract CM-97295 with the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Insects were kindly supplied by the agency of the United States Department of Agriculture at Brownsville, TX.     

川楝果实提取物对棉铃虫杀虫活性初探

本文利用95%的乙醇浸提川楝果实各部分,对棉铃虫进行杀虫活性研究.结果表明:川楝果实各部分提取物及其残渣对棉铃虫幼虫的蛋白质合成有影响,川楝的果皮和种仁对棉铃虫都有较强的杀虫活性.果皮和种仁二者的杀虫活性不显著.     

棉铃虫性信息素合成激活肽基因的检测

性信息素合成激活肽是调节昆虫性信息素合成的神经肽．根据昆虫性信息素合成激活肽的氨基酸序列保守性,合成若干引物,以棉铃虫基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,用ＰＣＲ方法得到单一的扩增条带．ＲＴＰＣＲ方法从棉铃虫咽下神经结中检测出性信息素合成激活肽基因在棉铃虫基因组中不仅存在,而且表达．     

不同氰戊菊酯抗性水平棉铃虫越冬适应性的研究

本文利用人工诱导滞育的方法,对不同氰戊菊酯抗性水平的棉铃虫越冬蛹进行了比较研究．结果表明,氰戊菊酯抗性较高的棉铃虫滞育率低,越冬蛹期长,越冬死亡率高．     

花豆宝对棉花及大豆害虫的防治应用

对复合杀虫剂花豆宝 (2 0 %氯氰·辛 )在棉花和大豆上的应用显示 ,叶面喷施花豆宝 75 0 - 15 0 0倍对棉铃虫有较好的杀灭作用 ,喷药三天的防治效果达到 97.6 % ;喷施花豆宝 10 0 0倍三天后 ,对大豆食心虫的防治效果可达 94.7%。说明花豆宝能够有效的防治棉铃虫和大豆食心虫     

棉铃虫的生物防治

生物防治是指利用生物及其代谢产物控制害虫的方法。本文论述了天敌昆虫、天敌动物、病原微生物、以及杀虫抗生素等对棉铃虫的防治效果。