Fossil Orangutan-like hominoid teeth from Late Pleistocene human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi and implications on taxonomy and evolution of orangutan

Fossil records indicate orangutan-like hominoids have been widely distributed in south China during Pleistocene, although currently only surviving in the tropical forests of Kalimantan and Sumatra in Indonesia. This paper describes the recently discovered hominoid fossil teeth from human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi, whose geological age is the Late Pleistocene, about 11000 yeas age based on associated mammal fauna and U-series dating. Compared with those of modern and subfossil orangutans from Indonesia, other fossil great apes from China, the hominoid teeth from Mulanshan cave are orangutan-like, but show somehow different from Indonesia＇s orangutans, the average sizes of cheek teeth larger and occlusal enamel wrinkles less and simpler. They are classified temporarily as the subspecies of Pongo pygmaeus weidenreichi. Concerning the variations of morphological features and dental sizes of orangutan-like teeth from southern China and neighboring northern Vietnam, different subspecies or species or genus possibly, but the key evidence is necessary to be identified.     

玉林与崇左两市经济的比较分析——以2009年运行情况为例

玉林和崇左两市虽然不是广西北部湾经济区的核心,但是其在广西北部湾经济区中却处于十分重要的地位,在广西北部湾经济区未来的发展中承担着至关重要的作用。通过对2009年两市经济运行情况的比较分析,笔者认为两市只有更好地借助于广西北部湾经济区条例颁布实施的机遇和两市成为广西北部湾经济区规划的功能团组团建设重要成员的地位进一步加快提升发展速度,才能尽快融入广西北部湾经济区,并成为有力的腾飞双翼。     

广西崇左市白头叶猴保护区土壤研究

在现代的南亚热带高温多雨的气候作用下,赤红壤继续处于高度淋溶状态而发育成盐基高度不饱和,酸性较强,有机质量较低,土壤肥力较差;而处于岩溶山地的坡麓和谷地中的红粘土,因受山上的富含钙镁的岩溶水淀积复钙和淋溶脱钙的反复作用发育形成红色石灰土或复钙红粘土.这在广西崇左市白头叶猴保护区区的濑湍片、板利片和岜盆片的峰林谷地中和河...     

广西新兴城市健身馆发展现状分析——以崇左市为例

对新兴城市崇左市健身馆的发展现状进行分析,找出其存在的问题并提出解决的对策,为新兴城市健身馆的良性发展,满足市民健身、健美和健康生活的需求,完善新兴城市健身市场体系提供可以借鉴的参考依据。     

The Homo sapiens Cave hominin site of Mulan Mountain, Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo, Guangxi with emphasis on its age

One of the most hotly debated and frontal issues in paleoanthropology focuses on the origins of modern humans. Recently, an incomplete hominin mandible with a distinctly weaker mental protuberance than modern human and a great variety of coexisting fossil mammals were unearthed from the Homo sapiens Cave of Mulan Mountain, Chongzuo, Guangxi. The mammalian fauna from the Homo sapiens Cave characterized by the combination of Elephas kiangnanensis, first occurring Elephas maixmus, and Megatapirus augustus, and strikingly different from the Early Pleistocene Gigantopithecus fauna and the Middle Pleistocene Ailuropoda-Stogodon fauna of South China could be regarded as an early representive of the typical Asian elephant fauna. Faunal analysis, biostratigraphic correlation, and, most importantly, U-series dating all consistently support an estimate of ca. 110 ka for the age of the fossil Homo sapiens and coexisting mammalian fauna, that is, the early Late Pleistocene. The fauna is mainly made up of tropical-subtropical elements, but grassland elements have a much greater variety than forest elements, which probably indicates a drier climate at that time. This discovery of early Homo sapiens at the Mulan Mountain will play a significant role in the study of the origin and its environmental background of modern humans.     

A newly discovered Gigantopithecus fauna from Sanhe Cave, Chongzuo, Guangxi, South China

Among the most important faunas in the Late Cenozoic, the Gigantopithecus faunas have received a good deal of attention. The Gigantopithecus fauna recently discovered in Sanhe Cave consists of more than 80 mammal species, including cf. Hominidae, Pongo sp., Hylobates sp., Sinomastodon yangzien-sis, Stegodon preorientalis, Cervavitus fenqii, Dicoryphochoerus ultimus and Sus xiaozhu. It is the southernmost Gigantopithecus fauna found so far in China. Its geological age is estimated to be Early Pleistocene bas...     

崇左岩溶峰林区岩溶发育特征及对钻孔涌水量的影响

【目的】研究崇左岩溶峰林区岩溶发育规律及对钻孔涌水量的影响,深化对崇左岩溶峰林区岩溶水文地质条件的认识,更好地指导今后在该地区开展地下水资源开发利用。【方法】通过对崇左岩溶峰林区128个钻孔的深度、涌水量、岩溶发育特征等指标进行统计分析,总结该区岩溶发育规律及影响因素,并研究其对钻孔涌水量的控制作用。【结果】研究区最小钻井深50.02m,最大井深121.80m,平均深度为94.04m。成井86口,成井率为67.18%,有68.53%的钻井涌水量分布于100～400 m~3/d。钻孔遇洞率为75.78%,平均线岩溶率为5.01%。在0～100m内均有溶洞发育,100m以下未见溶洞发育。0～60m深度段岩溶较发育,溶洞高度为441.57m,占总高度的80.41%,线岩溶率(5.42%～12.91%)大于平均线岩溶率;但0～40m深度段内溶洞全部或部分被充填,供水意义不大,而在40～60m深度段溶洞填充率小。【结论】在该地区通过机井解决缺水问题的条件比较有利,机井井深不超过100m为宜;40～60m深度段是本区主要出水段。由于钻孔均部署在地下水的补给区,或位于岩溶发育相对较弱的地区,钻孔中溶洞主要以小型溶洞(小于等于2m)为主,大型溶洞(大于2m)较少。这种水文地质条件和溶洞发育特征,导致研究区大部分钻孔(68.53%)的涌水量分布于100～400m~3/d。     

A newly discovered Gigantopithecus fauna from Sanhe Cave, Chongzuo, Guangxi, South China

Among the most important faunas in the Late Cenozoic, the Gigantopithecus faunas have received a good deal of attention. The Gigantopithecus fauna recently discovered in Sanhe Cave consists of more than 80 mammal species, including cf. Hominidae, Pongo sp., Hylobates sp., Sinomastodon yangziensis, Stegodon preorientalis, Cervavitus fenqii, Dicoryphochoerus ultimus and Sus xiaozhu. It is the southernmost Gigantopithecus fauna found so far in China. Its geological age is estimated to be Early Pleistocene based on the fauna and stratigraphic correlation. The significant increase in the estimated body sizes of Ailuropoda, Gigantopithecus and Tapirus shows that the Sanhe fauna is middle Early Pleistocene, later than those from Wushan and Liucheng (early Early Pleistocene). Paleomagnetic dating of the fossil-bearing strata in Sanhe Cave gives an age of approximately 1.2 Ma. The fauna is characterized by tropical-subtropical forest types, including Pongo sp., Tupaia sp., Ia sp., Typhlomys intermedius, etc., and it lacks Palaearctic types. It is a typical tropical forest fauna, suggesting an environment with a lush forest and a warm and humid climate. The discovery of the Sanhe Gigantopithecus fauna is significant for establishing the chronological stages of the Gigantopithecus faunas in China, and for discussing their origin, evolution and dynamics. Supported by Key Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-106) and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB806400)