机载防撞系统TCASⅡ Version 7.1与Version 7.0软件的比较

针对机载防撞系统TCAS软件版本的改进,描述了TCASⅡVersion7.1对Version 7.0软件所作的修订,分析了Version 7.0与Version 7.1软件的差异和改进.按照DO-185B所规定的TCAS系统最低性能需求,采用软件工程的方法,完成了TCASⅡVersion 7.1防撞算法的软件设计和编程并建立了相应的软件测试平台.通过采用一组标准输入及输出的测试用例文件,将标准输入产生的输出结果与DO-185B的输出结果进行比对,验证了TCASⅡVersion 7.1防撞算法和处理逻辑的正确性和有效性.     

Genetic determinants of individual differences in avoidance learning: Behavioral and endocrine characteristics

Bidirectional genetic selection for good and poor active avoidance learning in a shuttle box has been carried out in three independent laboratories using remarkably similar discrete-trial training procedures. The resulting strains are known as the Roman High and Low Avoidance (RHA and RLA), the Syracuse High and Low Avoidance (SHA and SLA) and the Australian High and Low Avoidance (AHA and ALA) strains, respectively. An additional unidirectionally selected strain, known as the Tokai High Avoider (THA) strain was developed in Japan using a free-operant Sidman avoidance procedure in a Skinner box. This paper reviews the selection of the Syracuse strains, enumerates the various behavioral and endocrine characteristics of the strains, and compares them to the other similarly selected strains. The behavioral work suggests that genetic selection from diverse breeding stocks has resulted in common characteristics that differentiate the strains in the emotional, not learning, domain. The endocrine data, however, are somewhat at odds. The Syracuse strains differentiate one way with respect to endocrine function, and the Roman strains differentiate in the opposite way. We suggest, therefore, that the endocrine correlates are not tightly linked to the avoidance genotype. Genetic analysis of all of the selected strains for both the avoidance phenotype and the endocrine correlates will be needed to test this hypothesis.Preparation of this paper was supported by research grant MH-39230-3 from the National Institute of Mental Health.     

基于太阳能智能蓝牙小车的设计

伴随着物联网的兴起,Android系统平台以其独有的开放性优势正在为我们提供更多优质便捷的技术成果。该次设计是基于安卓手机蓝牙控制的太阳能智能小车设计,借助手机平台和蓝牙技术,设计和实现了一种无线遥控太阳能供电小车新的解决方案。本次设计是以手机控制平台、蓝牙模块、太阳能供电板、电机驱动模块等硬件模块所组成的遥控小车。实现了小车的前进、后退、前左转弯、前右转弯、后左转弯、后右转弯等实时得控制功能。     

病理组织切片中的人为现象与解决措施

做好一张常规的H—E切片是保证诊断的关键．切片质量不好，导致细胞形态观察不清或出现一些人为现象可能造成误诊．为了解病理切片中的人为现象，弄清人为现象的原因，笔者就病理切片中的人为现象进行了阐述，并指出了应对措施．     

结合模糊逻辑和改进人工势场的局部路径规划

针对人工势场法的死点问题和较为复杂的局部障碍物环境,采取模糊逻辑与改进的人工势场相结合的方式,提出了一种结合模糊控制器与人工势场算法的并行避障处理结构。依据静态目标点位置与多路超声波传感器返回的障碍物距离信息,实行稳定环境的人工势场路径规划与危险环境的模糊控制,使移动机器人能够到达预定目标点。在Mobotsim仿真软件中验证了算法的可行性与有效性。     

论外语学习中的回避现象及其对策

回避现象是学习者在第二语言学习过程中不可避免的一种语言现象,是学习者为了避免语言表达不理想而采取的一种消极语言策略。本文试图以中国学习者学习英语为例,对第二语言学习过程中回避现象的产生原因、表现方式以及其对于第二语言学习所造成的影响进行分析研究,从而对如何解决这一问题进行探索。     

四驱式爬缆机器人结构及动力学分析

在对现有爬缆机器人分析研究的基础上,提出了一种新型四驱式爬缆机器人结构;该爬缆机器人设计有两组对边驱动装置,交替作业可使机器人避开缆索上一些小型元件。通过控制夹紧机构,机器人可利用重力实现匀速安全回收,节省了能源。通过对该爬缆机器人的动力学分析,得到了夹紧力条件和驱动力条件。研制出了样机并对其进行了多次实验,实验结果表明,该机构运行平稳可靠,越障性能较好,能够达到实验的预定目标。     

机载防撞系统水平防撞模型的建模与仿真

针对下一代机载防撞系统水平防撞的功能要求,采用相对距离水平投影的方法,根据空间碰撞威胁度和时间碰撞威胁度的理论依据,建立了水平方向的冲突探测和防撞模型,并利用伽利略相对性原理导出了本机与入侵飞机之间的投影水平相遇距离和到最接近点的预留时间的计算公式.阐明了水平防撞模型的建模方法,制定出机载防撞系统水平防撞功能的仿真测试方案,并进行了基于时间流的计算机仿真和测试.仿真结果表明:该模型不仅能够预测出飞机在各个时间的相对方位、相对距离和相对高度,而且可以给出合理的水平机动措施,为飞行员提供左转或右转的角度指示以避免空中相撞.     

Sexual maturation in female rats: Hereditary,developmental and environmental aspects

Two physiological components of sexual maturation, vaginal opening and first estrus, apparently evolve similarly in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats. However, a bimodal distribution in the frequency of the days of vaginal opening is observed within a given strain, which is less related to heredity than to the timing and type of experiment. In addition, when the modulators of sexual maturation are reviewed, it can be observed that sensitivity to external stimuli can vary even within a strain. For a defined set of breeding conditions, one group of rats can be more susceptible to changes in the lighting regimen and not be affected by controlled stressors, while another group responds more to stress and less to light. The reason for susceptibility to one rather than another environmental factor under similar breeding conditions is not understood. In that context, it is difficult to evaluate the role of heredity when we cannot understand the full impact of the environment, not to mention maternal influence in fetal and early life. Using two lines of psychogenetically selected rats, it was possible to show that they had differences in sexual maturation, which strongly suggested a genetic predisposition. Nevertheless, the question arises as to whether the genetic locus directly affects organs implicated in sexual maturation or whether it acts on some unknown factor which only secondarily modifies sexual maturation. In summary, there is more need to understand the role of the environment, including that of the mother early in fetal and neonatal life. It is suggested that the mechanisms underlying organ growth are set for a given species, while developmental and environmental factors fix the timing of vaginal opening and first ovulation. In the rat, there appear to be two times which are preferred for vaginal opening, given the laboratory conditions that have been used in the last 20 or so years: an early period, at 31–35 days, and a late period, at 36–40 days. An explanation for this dichotomy would be that a combination of parameters (not necessarily always the same) is needed for vaginal opening. These parameters oscillate during sexual maturation with different frequencies, which can achieve resonance to lead to vaginal opening and ovulation only during given periods.     

On the Functions of Euphemism in Social Communication

In the process of social linguistic communication, due to the different circumstances and conditions, people can not express certain things clearly in a direct way when they come across something painful, unpleasant, disgusted and even embarrassing. Instead, they have to use some vague, implicit, mild and euphemistic expressions, so as to achieve the purpose of expressing feelings and exchanging ideas and thoughts in an appropriate and light atmosphere. This paper tries to deal with the application of euphemisms in various fields, thereby reveal some main functions of euphemism, i.e. avoidance function, politeness function, gloss-over function and disguise function.