Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (25p166041m/xxlarge8216.gif" alt="lsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">bottom-up effect25p166041m/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (25p166041m/xxlarge8216.gif" alt="lsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">top-down effect25p166041m/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75AlxV25-x alloy with intermediate Al composition

The microscopic phase-field approach is applied to model the early precipitation process of Ni75AlxV25-x alloy. Without any prior assumptions, this model can be used to simulate the temporal evolution of arbitrary morphologies and microstructures on atomic scale. By simulating the atomic pictures, and calculating the order parameters and volume fraction of the θ (Ni3V) and γ'(Ni3Al) ordered phases, we study Ni75AlxV25-x alloys with Al composition of 0.05, 0. 053 and 0. 055 (atom fraction). Our calculated results show that,for these alloys, θ and γ' phases precipitate at the same time; with the increase of Al content, the amount of γ' phase increases and that of θ phase decreases; the precipitation characteristic of γ' phase transforms from Non-Classical Nucleation and Growth (NCNG) to Congruent Ordering Spinodal Decomposition (CO SD) gradually; otherwise, the precipitation characteristic of θ phase transforms from Congruent Ordering Spinodal Decomposition (CO SD) to Non-Classical Nucleation and Growth (NCNG) mechanism gradually. Both θ and γ' phases have undergone the transition process of mixture precipitation mechanism characterized by both NCNG and CO SD mechanisms. No incontinuous transition of precipitation mechanism has been found.     

25%阿米西达SC对苹果树安全性及防治苹果白粉病的药效试验

本试验在田间条件下,研究了25%阿米西达SC对不同苹果树品种的安全性及其防治苹果白粉病的药效和使用浓度.结果表明25%阿米西达SC对澳州青苹、北斗、黄元帅、新红星、红富士、秦冠6个苹果品种安全性较好,无任何不良影响,但对嘎啦品种的苹果树有严重的药害产生,导致果锈和叶片焦枯脱落.25%阿米西达SC对苹果白粉病有较显著的防效,防效可达85%～90%,使用浓度为0.125g/L～0.083g/L,间隔期7d喷1次,连喷3次.     

CCL25/CCR9与骨髓祖细胞胸腺归巢

在骨髓中多种祖细胞有T细胞系潜能,但骨髓祖细胞胸腺归巢具有选择性.骨髓祖细胞胸腺归巢是多级粘附分子和趋化因子的级联过程,趋化因子CCL25及其受体CCR9在这一过程中发挥了重要作用.综述了CCL25/CCR9的结构特征及其对骨髓祖细胞胸腺归巢的作用和调节机制.     

铝对Fe－25Cr合金在H_2S－H_2混合气氛中高温硫化腐蚀的作用

研究了５％Ａｌ、１０％Ａｌ对Ｆｅ－２５Ｃｒ合金在Ｈ２Ｓ－Ｈ２平衡混合气氛中７００～９００℃下高温硫化腐蚀行为。发现加Ａｌ能显著降低Ｆｅ－２５Ｃｒ合金的硫化速度并改变其硫化层的形貌、成分及结构。加Ａｌ合金的硫化动力学在孕育期后遵从抛物线规律。综合反应动力学、硫化层结构和成分分析。提出了Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ合金的硫化机理。     

Sr4Al14O25:Eu长余辉发光的特性研究

对Ｓｒ４Ａｌ１４Ｏ２５：Ｅｕ的激光发光谱、发射光谱、长余辉发光的特性和耐光性进行系统的研究，并与传统的ＺｎＳ：Ｃｕ夜光粉进行了性能对比，结果表明：Ｓｒ４Ａｌ１４Ｏ２５：Ｅｕ是一种性能更加优良的长余辉发光材料。     

电子锁发展及研制综述

本文给出电子锁的概念,探讨了电子锁的发展简史。系统论述电子锁的一般结构,分类和发展趋向。阐明电子锁研制和开发过程中,同行们普遍遇到的瓶颈问题,介绍了电子锁设计与制造所依据的相关国家标准和部颁标准。     

Internet的中国延伸与连接策略

系统介绍了国家建立的四大网络系统和Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网在中国的延伸，同时也讨论了用户连接Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络的基本方法和策略     

MOST25智能网络音频播放节点的设计

针对如何利用INIC(Intelligent Network Interface Controller)实现车载MOST^25（Media Oriented Systems Transport）环形网络的问题，在介绍MOST²⁵网络的原理与方法基础上给出了MOST²⁵智能网络中音频播放节点的设计原理及其实现方法。节点设计方案中，网络控制器采用智能网络接口控制器OS81050，解码器采用可控音量芯片CS4341，功率放大器采用NE5532。应用实例表明，设计是有效可行的，并达到了很好的音响效果,具有信号保真度高、易添加或卸载等优点。     

新台糖25号组织培养及快速繁殖研究

本研究采用新台糖25号蔗株茎尖培养出绿苗和茎梢嫩叶诱导出愈伤组织,再分化出绿苗的方法,快速成功培育出了大批量绿苗.试验表明茎尖培养用MS 6-BA2.0mg·L-1 NAA0.3mg·L-1附加活性炭0.05%;MS 2,4-D1.0～3.0mg·L-1对诱导愈伤组织效果较佳,MS 6-BA1.0mg·L-1 KT1.0mg·L-1 NAA0.3mg·L-1对分化绿苗及其增殖效果最好;生根培养基选用1/2MS IBA1.0mg·L-1 NAA1.0mg·L-1,附加活性炭0.05%效果好.