The human genome and understanding of common disease: present and future technologies

The study of candidate genes over the past three decades has yielded notable successes in common-disease genetics. During this time, however, interpretation of genetic association studies has been hampered by the use of clinical cohorts of inadequate power and insufficient information on genetic variation in candidate genes. The unavailability of highthroughput and low-cost genotyping technologies has also limited the scope of complex-disease genetic studies. More recently, however, the sequencing and characterization of variation within the human genome has revolutionized genetic studies and enabled full genome-wide scans for genes associated with disease. The identification of disease-associated (causative) genes has illuminated disease mechanisms. The translation of this knowledge into direct clinical benefit in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy for an individual’s disease still remains a challenge. Received 11 September 2006; received after revision 17 December 2006; accepted 18 January 2007     

C++运算符重载教学和编程中易被忽视的问题

对运算符重载教学和编程中常见的、易被忽视的问题进行了深入探讨和分析,并给出了有效的解决方法.对运算符重载时如何考虑用户使用习惯、使用的方便性和继承性也作了阐述.     

西藏牦牛染色体的研究

应用外周血淋巴细胞短期培养法，结合Ｇ显带、Ｃ显带和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ显带技术，研究了西藏耗牛的一般核型、Ｇ带、Ｃ带、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ核型，并对耗牛的Ｙ染色体多态性进行了探讨．     

山羊血液蛋白多态性的研究动态

综述了山羊血液蛋白多态性的研究动态,较详细地介绍了山羊血液生化遗传标记的研究现状及其在山羊育种中的应用,并对其应用前景作了展望     

上海地区汉族人单胺氧化酶基因微卫星DNA多态性研究

应用扩增片段长度多态性技术,分析单胺氧化酶基因的ＭＡＯＡ（ＣＡ）。力ＭＡＯＢＩ（ＧＴ）ｎ２个基因座的微卫星ＤＮＡ多态性。在２４６名（男性１２２人,女性１２４人）无血缘关系上海地区汉族人中检出ＭＡＯＡ（ＣＡ）ｎ基因座８－种等位基因（１１０－１２４ｂｐ）和１９种基因型。     

Construction of a genetic map with SRAP markers and localization of the gene responsible for the first-flower-node trait in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

With an F2 population from the cross of two cucumber inbred lines, S06 and S52, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was used to construct a genetic linkage map in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Sixty-four SRAP primer combinations generated 108 polymorphic bands in the F2 population analysis. The average of polymorphic bands produced by one primer pair was 1.5, and the maximum was 5. Using Mapmaker 3.0, a linkage map was constructed, which consisted of 77 SRAP markers distributed in nine linkage groups (LOD≥3.0) and spanned 1114.2 cM with an average interval of 14.5 cM between markers. The gene for the first-flower-node trait, termed ffn, was mapped to linkage group Ⅸ, flanked by DC1EM5 and ME7EM2A at 10.3 cM and 12.1 cM distance, respectively.     

谈面向对象编程

近年来，在计算机软件业，面向对象的程序设计的思想已经被越来越多的设计人员所接受．面向对象的编程(OOP)和数据抽象已经成为最常用的编程术语．本文以C 为例，讨论OOP的编程风格与特性．     

几种油脂主成份同质多晶态的熔点及迁移规律

固体油脂食品的品质优劣取决于同南多晶晶型，所以确定各晶型的熔点及其稳定性是十分重要的。本研究在确定了各成份的多晶态种类和数目的基础上，测定了各晶型的熔点，各单一成分的晶型衍变规律及影响迁移速度的因素等问题。     

麦洼牦牛和犏牛乳蛋白的遗传多态性

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了５４头麦洼牦牛和１９头犏牛乳蛋白的遗传多态性．结果显示，牦牛和犏牛的α乳清蛋白均呈ＢＢ型．β乳球蛋白在犏牛中为ＡＢ型，在牦牛中Ａ型β乳球蛋白（βＬｇ）在凝胶上染色通常极弱．另外，在７头处于干乳期犏牛的乳腺分泌物中，有５头其Ａ型βＬｇ的电泳迁移率显著快于其它犏牛的Ａ型βＬｇ，而其Ｂ型βＬｇ则慢于牦牛和其它犏牛的Ｂ型βＬｇ．牦牛和犏牛的β酪蛋白以Ａ１Ａ１型为主，αｓ１酪蛋白以ＢＢ型为主．试验还观察到犏牛的Ａ型αｓ１酪蛋白电泳迁移率快于牦牛的Ａ型αｓ１酪蛋白     

AFLP的研究

AFLP(扩增酶切片段多态性)是由Zabeau等近年发明的一项新的研究生物遗传多样性的方法,具有技术可靠性和技术高效性.一次可获得50～100条谱带.本文详细介绍了AFLP的银染检测程序及其可能出现的问题,AFLP技术为不同来源和不同复杂度基因组的分析提供了一个有力的工具.