Optimal pricing and inventory policy with order cancelations under the cash-on-delivery payment scheme

Considering a periodic review system where the online seller allows the customers to pay when the products are delivered to them（referred as cash-on-delivery payment scheme in this paper）,the authors investigate the seller＇s joint pricing and inventory control policy with a finite planning horizon.In particular,the authors incorporate the customers＇ possible order cancellation behavior with the cash-on-delivery scheme.It can be proven that the base-stock list price policy is optimal under mild conditions.The authors also analyze the impact of the customers＇ forward looking behavior on the optimal policy.     

测量GIS中快速暂态过电压的微积分系统响应特性研究

研制了用于测量ＧＩＳ中快速暂态过电压（ＶＦＴＯ）的微积分（Ｄ／Ｉ）系统。为了验证Ｄ／Ｉ系统实测ＶＦＴＯ的响应特性，安装了一套波阻抗为５０Ω的同轴传输单元，其传输性能良好，不会引起波的畸变。方波响应试验表明，Ｄ／Ｉ系统的方波响应时间为２．５ｎｓ，满足ＶＦＴＯ对测量系统的要求。另外，测量电极的杂散参数和传输电缆对Ｄ／Ｉ系统响应特性有较大影响，应特别注意减小对地杂散电容的影响。     

Outsource to an OEM or an ODM? Profitability and Sustainability Analysis of a Fashion Supply Chain

Consider a fashion supply chain comprising a supplier, a contract manufacturer and a fashion brand, we examine the fashion brand’s profit performances when the contract manufacturer is either an OEM (having no design capability) or an ODM (having design capability). Regarding OEM, the fashion brand designs the products, outsources the manufacturing function, and has the option of outsourcing procurement function. Regarding ODM, the fashion brand buys unlabeled products from the ODM, which is charge of designing and manufacturing. In this case, buy-back contract is widely adopted so as to share the risk of demand uncertainty between the ODM and the fashion brand. We solve the wholesale pricing problems via sequential/simultaneous optimization, and derive the buy-back price via generalize Nash bargaining. We find that, fashion brand prefers contracting with an ODM when its bargaining power in buy-back negotiation is larger than a threshold, although the fashion brand’s order size under ODM is always larger than that under OEM. Interestingly, we find that the buy-back price is decreasing in the fashion brand’s bargaining power. We further analyze the supply chain sustainability in both ODM and OEM scenarios, finding that the supply chain might achieve both environmental sustainability and economic sustainability in OEM scenario when the fashion brand’s bargaining power in buy-back negotiation is small.     

应用数学史知识的实验研究

数学是打开科技之门的钥匙，怎样教好数学、学好数学一直是困扰数学教育的一大难题，数学史知识在数学教学中的应用，能激发学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生理解数学思想方法，掌握数学内容，提高教学质量．但应注意使用原则，探讨使用方法和技巧．