火花光谱法测定粉末样品中的高含量硅

利用火花光谱法定量检测了硅铋样品中质量分数为３０％的元素硅，分析结果表明，相对误差不大于８．４％，相对标准偏差为５．９％，方法是简便可行的。     

基因表达系统与转基因动物乳腺反应器

出于研究、医疗或工业目的，常常需要大量置备各种生物活性蛋白质，为此已经建立了多种基因工程表达系统，如微生物发酵系统、真核细胞培养系统、转基因植物表达系统和转基因动物表达系统等。近几年，利用转基因动物作为生物反应器由乳汁中生产蛋白药物的研究取得了很大进展，有多种动物可被用于转基因。基本过程是将基因构件显微注射到单细胞期受精卵，基因构件以一定几率整合到受体基因组中。通常转基因和其表达模式可忠实地遗传。许多蛋白将以高浓度低成本由转基因家畜的奶中生产。这些转基因动物与传统的动物细胞培养和细菌发酵技术相比尤显高效。乳腺能完成包括二硫桥形成、酰胺化、羧基化和糖基化在内的翻译后修饰，１头转基因羊就是１套发酵罐。据预测，到２０１０年由转基因动物生产的蛋白药物占全部基因工程药物的比率将增长到９５％以上。     

New model for load-sharing k-out-of-n: G system with different components

On the basis of capacity flow model, a new model is developed for a load-sharing k-out-of-n： G system consisting of different components, to describe the increase of the same component＇s failure rates under different loads. All components have exponential life distributions and are nonrepairable in the system. Reliability of load- sharing 2-out- of-3： G system is calculated and some special cases for the system are discussed. The calculation and discussions show that the model is right and practical.     

Algorithms for degree-constrained Euclidean Steiner minimal tree

A new problem of degree-constrained Euclidean Steiner minimal tree is discussed, which is quite useful in several fields. Although it is slightly different from the traditional degree-constrained minimal spanning tree, it is also NP-hard. Two intelligent algorithms are proposed in an attempt to solve this difficult problem. Series of numerical examples are tested, which demonstrate that the algorithms also work well in practice.     

Linear generalized synchronization of chaotic systems with uncertain parameters

A more general form of projective synchronization, so called linear generalized synchronization （LGS） is proposed, which includes the generalized projective synchronization （GPS） and the hybrid projective synchronization （HPS） as its special cases, Based on the adaptive technique and Lyapunov stability theory, a general method for achieving the LGS between two chaotic or hyperehaotic systems with uncertain parameters in any scaling matrix is presented. Some numerical simulations are provided to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed synchronization method.     

Bayesian integer frequency offset estimator for MIMO-OFDM systems

Carrier frequency offset （CFO） in MIMO-OFDM systems can be decoupled into two parts： fraction frequency offset （FFO） and integer frequency offset （IFO）. The problem of IFO estimation is addressed and a new IFO estimator based on the Bayesian philosophy is proposed. Also, it is shown that the Bayesian IFO estimator is optimal among all the IFO estimators. Furthermore, the Bayesian estimator can take advantage of oversampling so that better performance can be obtained. Finally, numerical results show the optimality of the Bayesian estimator and validate the theoretical analysis.     

Krylov subspace method based on data preprocessing technology

The performance of adaptive beamforming techniques is limited by the nonhomogeneous clutter scenario. An augmented Krylov subspace method is proposed, which utilizes only a single snapshot of the data for adaptive processing. The novel algorithm puts together a data preprocessor and adaptive Krylov subspace algorithm, where the data preprocessor suppresses discrete interference and the adaptive Krylov subspace algorithm suppresses homogeneous clutter. The novel method uses a single snapshot of the data received by the array antenna to generate a cancellation matrix that does not contain the signal of interest （SOI） component, thus, it mitigates the problem of highly nonstationary clutter environment and it helps to operate in real-time. The benefit of not requiring the training data comes at the cost of a reduced degree of freedom （DOF） of the system. Simulation illustrates the effectiveness in clutter suppression and adaptive beamforming. The numeric results show good agreement with the proposed theorem.     

Indirect adaptive fuzzy control for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems

An indirect adaptive fuzzy control scheme is developed for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems. In this method, two fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown functions, and the parameters of membership functions in fuzzy logic systems are adjusted according to adaptive laws for the purpose of controlling the plant to track a reference trajectory. It is proved that the scheme can not only guarantee the boundedness of the input and output of the closed-loop system, but also make the tracking error converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of this scheme.     

Singularly perturbed bifurcation subsystem and its application in power systems

The singularly perturbed bifurcation subsystem is described, and the test conditions of subsystem persistence are deduced. By use of fast and slow reduced subsystem model, the result does not require performing nonlinear transformation. Moreover, it is shown and proved that the persistence of the periodic orbits for Hopf bifurcation in the reduced model through center manifold. Van der Pol oscillator circuit is given to illustrate the persistence of bifurcation subsystems with the full dynamic system.     

Deconvolution techniques for characterizing indoor UWB wireless channel

A deconvolution algorithm is proposed to account for the distortions of impulse shape introduced by propagation process. By finding the best correlation of the received waveform with the multiple templates, the number of multipath components is reduced as the result of eliminating the ＂phantom paths＂, and the captured energy increases. Moreover, it needs only a single reference measurement in real measurement environment （do not need the anechoic chamber）, which by far simplifies the templates acquiring procedure.