基于目标跟踪与轨迹聚类的行人移动数据挖掘方法研究

随着物联网、大数据、人工智能等技术在安防领域不断取得突破性进展,公共视频监测系统近年来得到飞跃式发展.基于监控设备产生海量的非结构化视频数据,通过对监控视频中的行人轨迹进行分析和研究,可以挖掘出其中蕴含的行为模式,这对人群行为研究有着重要的研究价值.本文使用基于目标检测的多目标跟踪算法对地铁站出口,商场出口等场景中的行人移动轨迹进行提取,并在此基础上对行人的轨迹模式进行分析.针对行人轨迹的特点,在基于点密度聚类算法的基础上,提出并实现了基于轨迹相似度的轨迹聚类方法.结果表明,该方法能够有效的提取行人轨迹,并且从大规模轨迹数据中提取出轨迹模式.     

非负张量谱半径上下界的估计不等式

通过张量分析,给出一个具有一般形式的非负张量谱半径的上下界估计不等式,在特别情况下改进了相关非负张量谱半径的估计不等式.     

东濮凹陷胡庆地区原油地球化学特征与油源分析

研究东濮凹陷胡庆地区原油地球化学特征及其来源.利用有机地球化学分析方法,对原油与烃源岩进行饱和烃色谱、饱和烃与芳烃色谱-质谱分析,剖析了两者的分子地球化学特征及油源.研究表明:胡庆地区发育3类原油,第一类原油具有极高伽马蜡烷,质量色谱图中甾烷呈"L"形特征,来自第二台阶的沙一段烃源岩,在沙一段储层中富集形成自生自储常温常压油藏;第二类原油为具有较高伽马蜡烷、三环萜烷以C23为主峰、甾烷呈不对称"V"形特征的中质油,来自第二台阶的沙三下亚段烃源岩,近源聚集形成常温常压油藏;第三类原油为具有较低伽马蜡烷、三环萜烷以C21为主峰、甾烷呈不对称"V"形特征的轻质油,是第一台阶的海通集洼陷沙三中亚段烃源岩生成,在第一台阶优质砂体中聚集形成的高温高压油藏.3类油藏由浅至深形成了3个独立的油气成藏系统,海通集洼陷并没有向第二台阶供烃.     

薄面板复合材料蜂窝夹层结构冲击穿透试验与失效机理

为研究薄面板复合材料蜂窝夹层结构冲击穿透损伤的失效机理,对具有3层平面编织复合材料面板的蜂窝夹层板试验件进行了多种能量的冲击试验.并在考虑了面板材料的渐进失效以及面内剪切非线性应力应变关系基础上,运用LS-DYNA有限元分析软件建立了夹层板的数值模型,用以分析失效过程.结果 表明,数值模拟结果与试验结果一致.上面板穿透或整体贯穿时面板均呈花瓣状裂开,前者蜂窝以压溃损伤为主,后者则额外产生蜂窝芯体与下面板间的界面脱粘以及蜂窝壁的断裂损伤.无面板穿透时,冲击接触力将保持纤维断裂损伤阈值力大小直至冲头回弹;面板穿透则使冲击区域刚度下降,接触力随之下降,其中板整体贯穿时接触力会出现两个峰值.薄面板复合材料蜂窝夹层结构冲击穿透过程中的主要能量耗散在复合材料面板的纤维拉伸断裂,蜂窝的压溃和断裂过程也消耗部分能量.     

Ordinary language philosophy,explanation, and the historical turn in philosophy of science

Taking a cue from remarks Thomas Kuhn makes in 1990 about the historical turn in philosophy of science, I examine the history of history and philosophy of science within parts of the British philosophical context in the 1950s and early 1960s. During this time, ordinary language philosophy's influence was at its peak. I argue that the ordinary language philosophers' methodological recommendation to analyze actual linguistic practice influences several prominent criticisms of the deductive-nomological model of scientific explanation and that these criticisms relate to the historical turn in philosophy of science. To show these connections, I primarily examine the work of Stephen Toulmin, who taught at Oxford from 1949 to 1954, and Michael Scriven, who completed a dissertation on explanation under Gilbert Ryle and R.B. Braithwaite in 1956. I also consider Mary Hesse's appeal to an ordinary language-influenced account of meaning in her account of the role of models and analogies in scientific reasoning, and W.H. Watson's Wittgensteinian philosophy of science, an early influence on Toulmin. I think there are two upshots to my historical sketch. First, it fills out details of the move away from logical positivism to more historical- and practice-focused philosophies of science. Second, questions about linguistic meaning and the proper targets and aims of philosophical analysis are part and parcel of the historical turn, as well as its reception. Looking at the philosophical background during which so-called linguistic philosophers also had a hand in bringing these questions to prominence helps us understand why.     

Intrinsically disordered proteins in crowded milieu: when chaos prevails within the cellular gumbo

Effects of macromolecular crowding on structural and functional properties of ordered proteins, their folding, interactability, and aggregation are well documented. Much less is known about how macromolecular crowding might affect structural and functional behaviour of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs). To fill this gap, this review represents a systematic analysis of the available literature data on the behaviour of IDPs/IDPRs in crowded environment. Although it was hypothesized that, due to the excluded-volume effects present in crowded environments, IDPs/IDPRs would invariantly fold in the presence of high concentrations of crowding agents or in the crowded cellular environment, accumulated data indicate that, based on their response to the presence of crowders, IDPs/IDPRs can be grouped into three major categories, foldable, non-foldable, and unfoldable. This is because natural cellular environment is not simply characterized by the presence of high concentration of “inert” macromolecules, but represents an active milieu, components of which are engaged in direct physical interactions and soft interactions with target proteins. Some of these interactions with cellular components can cause (local) unfolding of query proteins. In other words, since crowding can cause both folding and unfolding of an IDP or its regions, the outputs of the placing of a query protein to the crowded environment would depend on the balance between these two processes. As a result, and because of the spatio-temporal heterogeneity in structural organization of IDPs, macromolecular crowding can differently affect structures of different IDPs. Recent studies indicate that some IDPs are able to undergo liquid–liquid-phase transitions leading to the formation of various proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLOs). Although interiors of such PMLOs are self-crowded, being characterized by locally increased concentrations of phase-separating IDPs, these IDPs are minimally foldable or even non-foldable at all (at least within the physiologically safe time-frame of normal PMLO existence).