科技创业孵化载体专业化发展问题与对策研究

进入新发展阶段后,科技创新创业活动对孵化服务提出了更高的要求,科技创业载体需要加快提升专业化、精准化服务能力.文章基于2016-2019年全国科技创业孵化载体发展数据,全面分析专业化科技创业孵化载体建设发展现状,剖析了科技创业孵化载体在专业化建设方面存在的方向不清、动力不足、能力不够、模式不明、机制不畅等问题,从建立评价指标体系、明确建设主体、提升服务能力、加强资源开放和政策供给等方面提出对策建议.     

根的存在定理的推广及其应用

众所周知，在《数学分析》中会遇到连续函数的一个重要定理，即根的存在定理，此定理对方程根的存在性判别起着重要作用.将这方面已有的定理进行推广，并用例题说明其应用情况.     

追踪物理学中的跨领域模因

以美国物理学会旗下期刊2000—2019年发表的论文和Web of Science论文摘要为基础，用模因短语刻画知识，构建模因关系网络并引入跨学科测度Rao-Stirling指数以计算模因的跨领域分数，从而追踪物理学中的跨领域模因。分别从网络拓扑结构指标、跨领域测度指标和专业术语对比3个方面进行验证，证明了所提的模因关系网络和模因的跨领域分数可以有效反映知识在不同领域间的扩散现象。     

北京市怀柔区下坊村农业旅游发展的剖析

宝山镇下坊村位于怀柔区北部山区,自然环境优越,拥有较为完善的基础设施,处于重要的农业旅游发展时期.但在发展过程中,存在旅游从业人员综合素质不高、现有的旅游产品较为单一、村落环境较凌乱等问题.为了促进该村农业旅游的持续发展,建议应积极充分挖掘本地文化资源,打造特色旅游品牌.加强从业人员培训,更新旅游经营理念.兼顾环境整治和保护.     

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta identifies mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced engraftment to tissue injury and pro-angiogenic property

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous likely consisting of subpopulations with various therapeutic potentials. Here we attempted to acquire a subset of MSCs with enhanced effect in wound healing. We found that human placental MSCs expressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor (PDGFR)-β exhibited greater proliferation rates and generated more colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F), compared to PDGFR-β^? MSCs. Notably, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs expressed higher levels of pro-angiogenic factors such as Ang1, Ang2, VEGF, bFGF and PDGF. When 10⁶ GFP-expressing MSCs were topically applied into excisional wounds in mice, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs actively incorporated into the wound tissue, resulting in enhanced engraftment (3.92 ± 0.31 × 10⁵ remained in wound by 7 days) and accelerated wound closure; meanwhile, PDGFR-β^? MSCs tended to remain on the top of the wound bed with significantly fewer cells (2.46 ± 0.26 × 10⁵) engrafted into the wound, suggesting enhanced chemotactic migration and engraftment of PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs into the wound. Real-Time PCR and immunostain analyses revealed that the expression of PDGF-B was upregulated after wounding; transwell migration assay showed that PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs migrated eightfold more than PDGFR-β^? MSCs toward PDGF-BB. Intriguingly, PDGFR-β⁺ MSC-treated wounds showed significantly enhanced angiogenesis compared to PDGFR-β^? MSC- or vehicle-treated wounds. Thus, our results indicate that PDGFR-β identifies a subset of MSCs with enhanced chemotactic migration to wound injury and effect in promoting angiogenesis and wound healing, implying a greater therapeutic potential for certain diseases.     

Ciliary proteins Fap43 and Fap44 interact with each other and are essential for proper cilia and flagella beating

Cilia beating is powered by the inner and outer dynein arms (IDAs and ODAs). These multi-subunit macrocomplexes are arranged in two rows on each outer doublet along the entire cilium length, except its distal end. To generate cilia beating, the activity of ODAs and IDAs must be strictly regulated locally by interactions with the dynein arm-associated structures within each ciliary unit and coordinated globally in time and space between doublets and along the axoneme. Here, we provide evidence of a novel ciliary complex composed of two conserved WD-repeat proteins, Fap43p and Fap44p. This complex is adjacent to another WD-repeat protein, Fap57p, and most likely the two-headed inner dynein arm, IDA I1. Loss of either protein results in altered waveform, beat stroke and reduced swimming speed. The ciliary localization of Fap43p and Fap44p is interdependent in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila.     

Preparation and electrochemical performance of double perovskite La_2CoMnO_6 nanofibers

Through electrospinning,La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers were prepared from a polyvinylpyrrolidone/lanthanum nitrate–cobalt acetate–manganese acetate(PVP/LCM)precursor and were used as electrode materials.The morphologies and structures of the samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)specific surface area analysis.The results show that the prepared La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers are stable,one-dimensional structures formed from interconnected La_2Co Mn O_(6 )nanoparticles with a diamond-like crystal structure.The specific surface area of the fibers is 79.407 m~2·g~(-1).Electrochemical performance tests with a three-electrode system reveal the specific capacitance of the La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers as 109.7 F·g~(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A·g~(-1).After 1000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A·g~(-1),the specific capacitance maintains 90.9%of its initial value,demonstrating a promising performance of the constraint capacitance and good cyclic stability.     

基于Overlay Test评价应力吸收层 抗反射裂缝性能

为了更好地评价应力吸收层的抗反射裂缝性能,提出采用Overlay Test(OT)试验测定SBS、WTR和WTR/APAO改性沥青应力吸收层在常规条件、浸水和长期老化后的抗反射裂缝性能.研究发现,试验周期数、荷载损失率和总断裂能能够很好地表征应力吸收层的抗反射裂缝性能;第一周期最大荷载和临界断裂能是评价初期开裂的指标.试验发现3种应力吸收层在常规条件下均有良好的抗反射裂缝性能,但是水损坏对WTR/APAO的抗裂性能影响较大,长期老化后WTR和WTR/APAO的抗反射裂缝性能大大降低.3种应力吸收层的OT试验最大荷载-周期数曲线符合幂函数变化规律.     

数控仿真中切削面计算的并行化研究

针对高离散精度模型与刀具包围体进行切削计算的情况,由于三维图像重建的计算量大,基于传统CPU实现的数控加工仿真系统不能满足实时性的三维绘制。本文利用GPU的并行性特点,提出并行方式数控仿真切削面显示算法:通过线程并行处理基于MC算法的实体构造模型中体素与刀具包围体的切削计算,根据切削后体素角点信息和边的状态查找建立的构型索引表和交点数目索引表,加速数控仿真切削面的提取,从而提高三维图像的绘制速度,满足实时性显示要求。