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A. Mahmood V. P. S. Chauhan V. Lyall A. K. Sarkar 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1979,35(8):1057-1058
Summary Brush border sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities are considerably enhanced in the intestine of ascorbic acid deficient guinea-pigs. Similar increase in the uptake of D-glucose and L-alanine also occurs in chronic vitamin C deficiency. However the permeability of D-glucose and L-alanine in the intestine of animals fed with large doses of vitamin C is severely depressed, with a reduction in the levels of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities. 相似文献
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Sahotra Sarkar 《Archive for History of Exact Sciences》2012,66(4):397-426
This paper reconstructs the history of the introduction and use of iterative algorithms in conservation biology in the 1980s
and early 1990s in order to prioritize areas for protection as nature reserves. The importance of these algorithms was that
they led to greater economy in spatial extent (“efficiency”) in the selection of areas to represent biological features adequately
(that is, to a specified level) compared to older methods of scoring and ranking areas using criteria such as biotic “richness”
(the number of features of interest). The development of these algorithms was critical to producing a research program for
conservation biology that was distinct from ecology and eventually led to what came to be called systematic conservation planning.
Very similar algorithmic approaches were introduced independently in the 1980–1990 period in Australia, South Africa, and
(arguably) the United Kingdom. The key rules in these algorithms were the use of rarity and what came to be called complementarity
(the number of new or under-represented features in an area relative to those that had already been selected). Because these
algorithms were heuristic, they were not guaranteed to produce optimal (most “efficient”) solutions. However, complementarity
came to be seen as a principle rather than a rule in an algorithm and its use was also advocated for the former reason. Optimal
solutions could be produced by reformulating the reserve selection problem in a mathematical programming formalism and using
exact algorithms developed in that context. A dispute over the relevance of full optimality arose and was never resolved.
Moreover, exact algorithms could not easily incorporate criteria determining the spatial configuration of networks of selected
areas, in contrast to heuristic algorithms. Meanwhile metaheuristic algorithms emerged in the 1990s and came to be seen as
a credible more effective alternative to the heuristic algorithms. Ultimately what was important about these developments
was that the reserve selection problem came to be viewed a complex optimal decision problem under uncertainty, resource, and
other constraints. It was a type of problem that had no antecedent in traditional ecology. 相似文献
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More light on PCR contamination 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
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Search for a human breast cancer virus 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
D H Moore J Charney B Kramarsky E Y Lasfargues N H Sarkar M J Brennan J H Burrows S M Sirsat J C Paymaster A B Vaidya 《Nature》1971,229(5287):611-614
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B. S. Thyagaraja H. B. Devaraj Sarkar 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1970,26(5):544-545
Zusammenfassung Nachweis kompensatorischen Wachstums des nach einseitiger Kastration verbleibenden Hodens bei indischer Krötenart (Bufo melanostictus (Schn)). Zunahme von Gewicht, Grösse und Spermienzahl. 相似文献
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