温度和压力对砂岩热导率的影响及温压校正计算方法

岩石热导率是岩性分析的重要参数,而温度和压力是影响岩石热导率的2个重要因素.本文收集了不同温度和压力条件下的实验室砂岩测试数据36个,对这些测试数据进行了温度校正以及压力校正.砂岩样品测试的温度范围为2～250℃,压力范围为0.1～200 MPa,实验室测出的热导率范围为2.34～2.91 W/(m·K).首先根据测试数据分析温度和压力对热导率的影响,探讨了岩石热导率随温度的升高而降低,随压力的增大而增大的规律;然后,利用多元拟合的方法,确定了热导率随温度、压力变化的经验公式;再通过拟合和插值的方法,进行温度校正和压力校正,计算不同温压条件下热导率的预测值;最后,利用数值算例验证该方法的有效性.研究结果对不同岩样的热导率温压校正计算具有参考意义.     

Can online search data improve the forecast accuracy of pork price in China?

Online search data provide us with a new perspective for quantifying public concern about animal diseases, which can be regarded as a major external shock to price fluctuations. We propose a modeling framework for pork price forecasting that incorporates online search data with support vector regression model. This novel framework involves three main steps: that is, formulation of the animal diseases composite indexes (ADCIs) based on online search data; forecast with the original ADCIs; and forecast improvement with the decomposed ADCIs. Considering that there are some noises within the online search data, four decomposition techniques are introduced: that is, wavelet decomposition, empirical mode decomposition, ensemble empirical mode decomposition, and singular spectrum analysis. The experimental study confirms the superiority of the proposed framework, which improves both the level and directional prediction accuracy. With the SSA method, the noise within the online search data can be removed and the performance of the optimal model is further enhanced. Owing to the long-term effect of diseases outbreak on price volatility, these improvements are more prominent in the mid- and long-term forecast horizons.     

Genetically engineered organisms for bioremediation of pollutants in contaminated sites

Environmental pollution is a major problem which affects biodiversity, public health and ecosystems worldwide. This issue cannot currently be solved using conventional technology because these treatments are expensive, ineffective and time consuming. Conventional methods focus unduly on the separation, rather than the destruction of contaminants. The use of genetically engi- neered organisms for bioremediation would be an envi- ronmentally-friendly and cost-effective alternative for the management and remediation of pollutants in contaminated sites. Different types of genetically engineered microbes have been developed through recombinant DNA and RNA technologies, these have been utilized for the removal of heavy metals and toxic substances from contaminated sites. Transgenic plants can also mobilize or degrade chlorinated solvent, xenobiotic compounds, explosives and phenolic substances. A symbiotic relationship between genetic engineered microbes and transgenic plants can enhance the effectiveness of bioremediation of contaminated sites. This review examines recent developments in the use of genetically engineered microbes and transgenic plants forthe bioremediation of contaminated sites. This review will also identify the environmental factors which influence bioremediation by genetically engineered microbes and transgenic plants as well as suggesting future directions for research in these areas.     

Common variants at 12q14 and 12q24 are associated with hippocampal volume

Aging is associated with reductions in hippocampal volume that are accelerated by Alzheimer's disease and vascular risk factors. Our genome-wide association study (GWAS) of dementia-free persons (n = 9,232) identified 46 SNPs at four loci with P values of <4.0 × 10(-7). In two additional samples (n = 2,318), associations were replicated at 12q14 within MSRB3-WIF1 (discovery and replication; rs17178006; P = 5.3 × 10(-11)) and at 12q24 near HRK-FBXW8 (rs7294919; P = 2.9 × 10(-11)). Remaining associations included one SNP at 2q24 within DPP4 (rs6741949; P = 2.9 × 10(-7)) and nine SNPs at 9p33 within ASTN2 (rs7852872; P = 1.0 × 10(-7)); along with the chromosome 12 associations, these loci were also associated with hippocampal volume (P < 0.05) in a third younger, more heterogeneous sample (n = 7,794). The SNP in ASTN2 also showed suggestive association with decline in cognition in a largely independent sample (n = 1,563). These associations implicate genes related to apoptosis (HRK), development (WIF1), oxidative stress (MSR3B), ubiquitination (FBXW8) and neuronal migration (ASTN2), as well as enzymes targeted by new diabetes medications (DPP4), indicating new genetic influences on hippocampal size and possibly the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.     

Coordinating production and recycling decisions with stochastic demand and return

In this paper, the joint production and recycling problem is investigated for a hybrid manufacturing and remanufacturing system where brand-new products are produced in the manufacturing plant and recycled products are remanufactured into as-new products in the remanufacturing facility. Both the brand-new products and remanufactured products are used to satisfy customer demands. Returns of used products that are recycled from customers are assumed to be stochastic and nonlinearly price-dependent. A mathematical model is proposed to maximize the overall profit of the system through simultaneously optimizing the production and recycling decisions, subject to two capacity constraints — the manufacturing capacity and the remanufacturing capacity. Based on Lagrangian relaxation method, subgradient algorithm and heuristic algorithm, a solution approach is developed to solve the problem. A representative example is presented to illustrate the system, and managerial analysis indicates that the uncertainties in demand and return have much influence on the production and recycling policy. In addition, twenty randomly produced examples are solved, and computational results show that the solution approach can obtain very good solutions for all examples in reasonable time.     

一种席夫碱基水溶性聚合物荧光化学传感器对Al3+的检测研究

通过2,4-二羟基苯基席夫碱衍生物与端羧基聚乙二醇的室温酯化反应合成一种可完全溶于水的席夫碱基聚合物PEGBB.以PEGBB作为化学传感器,采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等研究了其在纯水溶液中对金属离子的检测能力.结果 表明PEGBB可以作为荧光化学传感器实现对Al3+的选择性识别,表现出优异的选择性和抗干扰性.在p...     

Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the formation of nano-sized carbides and the wear behavior of D2 tool steel

The effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior of D2 tool steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness test, pin-on-disk wear test, and the reciprocating pin-on-flat wear test. The results show that deep cryogenic treatment eliminates retained austenite, makes a better carbide distribution, and increases the carbide content. Furthermore, some new nano-sized carbides form during the deep cryogenic treatment, thereby increasing the hardness and improving the wear behavior of the samples.     

两亲性星型共聚物s-PLLA-PVP的制备及性能

以木糖醇为引发剂,辛酸亚锡催化L-丙交酯开环聚合制备星型聚乳酸(s-PLLA);以N-乙烯吡咯烷酮(NVP)为单体、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过自由基溶液聚合法得到末端羧基化的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP-COOH);再通过s-PLLA和PVP-COOH发生酯化反应制备两亲性星型共聚物s-PLLA-PVP.用FTIR、~1H NMR、GPC对s-PLLA-PVP的结构进行表征.用XRD、TGA和DSC研究共聚物s-PLLA-PVP的结晶性能和热学性能,通过接触角测定仪测试共聚物薄膜的亲水性能.结果表明,随着s-PLLA分子量的增加,s-PLLA-PVP共聚物热学性能提高;PVP的引入,降低了共聚物的结晶性能,提高了共聚物的亲水性能.     

TPP1 is a homologue of ciliate TEBP-beta and interacts with POT1 to recruit telomerase

Telomere dysfunction may result in chromosomal abnormalities, DNA damage responses, and even cancer. Early studies in lower organisms have helped to establish the crucial role of telomerase and telomeric proteins in maintaining telomere length and protecting telomere ends. In Oxytricha nova, telomere G-overhangs are protected by the TEBP-alpha/beta heterodimer. Human telomeres contain duplex telomeric repeats with 3' single-stranded G-overhangs, and may fold into a t-loop structure that helps to shield them from being recognized as DNA breaks. Additionally, the TEBP-alpha homologue, POT1, which binds telomeric single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), associates with multiple telomeric proteins (for example, TPP1, TIN2, TRF1, TRF2 and RAP1) to form the six-protein telosome/shelterin and other subcomplexes. These telomeric protein complexes in turn interact with diverse pathways to form the telomere interactome for telomere maintenance. However, the mechanisms by which the POT1-containing telosome communicates with telomerase to regulate telomeres remain to be elucidated. Here we demonstrate that TPP1 is a putative mammalian homologue of TEBP-beta and contains a predicted amino-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold. TPP1-POT1 association enhanced POT1 affinity for telomeric ssDNA. In addition, the TPP1 OB fold, as well as POT1-TPP1 binding, seemed critical for POT1-mediated telomere-length control and telomere-end protection in human cells. Disruption of POT1-TPP1 interaction by dominant negative TPP1 expression or RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in telomere-length alteration and DNA damage responses. Furthermore, we offer evidence that TPP1 associates with the telomerase in a TPP1-OB-fold-dependent manner, providing a physical link between telomerase and the telosome/shelterin complex. Our findings highlight the critical role of TPP1 in telomere maintenance, and support a yin-yang model in which TPP1 and POT1 function as a unit to protect human telomeres, by both positively and negatively regulating telomerase access to telomere DNA.     

The effect ofβ-adrenergic stimulation and blockade on the efflux of PGE1-like material from the isolated perfused rabbit heart

Summary Prostaglandin (PG) release was measured from the isolated perfused rabbit heart. The effects of -adrenergic stimulation and blockade suggest that PG synthesis is regulated in part by adrenergic mechanisms.