Effects of Treating with Laccase on Properties of Dyed Cotton Fabric

A laccase （Denilite IIS） was used to treat different cotton fabrics dyed with 0.2 g · L^-1 of vat dyes or reactive dyes. The results indicated that the laccase could remove the loosely adhering, unfixed or hydrolyzed dyes from the dyed fabric efficiently, which led to obvious improvements of color fastness. Furthermore, the wavelength of maximum absorbance of the residual solution of dyeing laccase-treated was different from that of the detergent-treated, which implied the laccase could accelerate structural changes of the adhering or hydrolyzed dyes from fabric in treating, resulting in obvious color changes of the residual solution. In addition, excessive laccase also could decolorize a few fixed reactive dyes from the dyed fabric, with a decrease of color strength and less further improvements of color fastness.     

Performance of a Pectinase from Bacillus Subtilis WSHB04 - 02 Used in Bioscouring of Cotton Fabrics

A pectinase produced by Bacillus subtilis WSHB04-02 isolated from soil with lyase activity operating at alkaline pH was studied. The MichaelisMenten kinetic parameters of this newly isolated pectinase on different substrates, such as citrus pectin and polygalacturonic acid （PGA）, were determined, and pectin proved to be the most suitable substrate. The effects of temperature and pH on pectinase activity and stability were also investigated. The optimal temperature for pectinase was 55℃ with a stable range of 45℃- 55℃. In general, pectinase was pH insensitive and the stable pH ranged from 8.6 to 10.0. Ultimately the bioscouring effects of cotton fabrics using this pectinase were evaluated and some promising results were obtained.     

The Structural Characteristics of Side-Opening Costumes during the Republic Period of China

The structural characteristics of Chinese side-opening costumes during the Republic Period of China were investigated.By measuring and recovering the physical structures of side-opening costume objects...     

染整技术的进展

述评了近年来染整技术的发展,指出随着人类环保意识的增强,染整工业正逐步沿着生态和清洁生产方向发展;计算机和信息科学与染整技术的结合使染整加工朝着精确控制、信息化管理、即时化、高效化加工转变;人类对纺织品服用性能要求的不断提高,使得纺织品趋于多功能化和智能化.     

经编灯箱布的生产工艺

柔性经编灯箱布产品具有机械强度好、透光适量均匀、印刷后色彩鲜艳夺目、使用方便、气候适应性强以及使用寿命长等特点,在广告媒体中已得到大量应用.文中从原料选用、整经要求、编织工艺直至后整理等对经编灯箱布产品的生产工艺流程进行了系统的论述,对后整理中涂层、贴合两种工艺与参数控制分别作了说明;并简要讨论了编织时布边衬纬纱易出现松弛、后整理贴合牢度不高的问题.     

响应面分析法优化棉针织物的国产碱性果胶酶精练工艺

采用国产碱性果胶酶对棉针织物的精练加工进行了响应面分析法最优工艺研究.首先考察了沸水预处理对酶精练效果的影响,然后采用中心组合设计法进行试验,并用SAS统计软件进行响应面回归分析、典型分析和岭嵴分析,优选出国产碱性果胶酶精练工艺条件为:pH值9.1,温度57℃,时间1.25 h,果胶酶质量浓度1.0 g/L.验证试验表明优选工艺参数较为理想.     

MTG酶催化ε-聚赖氨酸接枝羊毛抗菌整理

利用新型生物交联剂微生物谷氨酰胺转氨酶(MTG酶),将具有抗菌作用的ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PLL)通过生物催化交联的方式接枝到羊毛上,并采用振荡烧瓶法研究其抗菌性能.氨基酸分析表明,MTG接枝试样中赖氨酸的相对质量分数变化增加(19.27%)明显高于吸附样(13.13%).另外,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对羊毛纤维表面形态的分析和对比不同处理后羊毛织物的染色性差异,证实MTG酶可以催化ε-PLL接枝到羊毛上.ε-PLL接枝后羊毛具有较好的抗菌性能.     

高压上浆过程中浆液的流变特性

为探讨高压上浆对浆液流变性能的影响,通过实验测量玉米、马铃薯、PVA等浆液在不同质量分数、剪切速率及剪切应力下黏度的变化情况,并分析其流变特性.实验结果表明,在高压上浆过程中,浆纱的速度大幅提高,其剪切速率随之亦显著提高,而浆液黏度则大幅降低.压浆力的提高使得浆液的剪切应力相应增加,而随着剪切应力的增加,浆液的黏度亦随之下降,从而体现出高浓、高压、低黏的高压上浆特点.根据不同浆液的流变性能特点,分析比较马铃薯和玉米淀粉的浆液,认为马铃薯淀粉更适合高压上浆,且马铃薯/PVA混合浆较玉米/PVA混合浆更加适合于高压上浆.     

聚酯浆料的上浆性能

研究了聚酯浆料及其混合浆的浆液、浆膜性能，着重比较了国产聚酯浆料JP与国外聚酯浆料A、B的上浆性能．针对聚酯浆料JP在实际生产应用中取代PVA的配方作了对比测试分析．结果表明：聚酯浆料JP的上浆性能基本达到国外同类产品水平；它在涤纶纤维纱线上浆中可较大比例地取代PVA．