岱海湖泊沉积碳酸盐的高精度铀系测年

应用热电离质谱（ＴＩＭＳ）技术,在样品量极少（０．０１８６－０．１４３ ｇ）的情况下测定了岱海沉积物样品中文石的年龄,其值在（８７４０± ６０１）－（１０４４６±４８９）ａ之间,未校正年龄测量精度２％－３％,校正年龄精度４．７％～９．８％,在误差范围内具有一致性,测年结果结合岱海沉积物在 １０．５ ｋａＢＰ前粒度值突然变大,其频率曲线表现为粗颗粒占优势的单峰～双峰态的特征,似显示了降温、水动力条件减弱、风力作用加强的过程,与前人作出的该阶段处于降温时期且岱海湖面缩小的结论相一致,表明ＴＩＭＳ铀系法测定的年龄是可信的．     

古环境中沉积物粒度组分分离的数学方法及其应用

陆相沉积物一般由多个粒度组分叠加组成,根据粒度分布曲线的特征可确定组分数、分布类型以及设定粒度分布函数,用设定的分布函数对实测粒度数据拟合可计算出函数的各参数,并获得各组分的百分比和分布函数,从而从数字特征上分离各组分.对流水和风成沉积物研究表明,河流沉积物由细粉砂级悬移组分和中砂至细砂级跃移组分叠加组成;封闭湖的碎屑沉积物主要是降水形成的地表径流搬运的细粉砂级悬移组分;风成砂由高度分选的近源跃移砂组分与细粒大气背景粉尘叠加组成;黄土由低空近源的悬移粉砂组分与高空远源悬移细粒组分叠加组成;北太平洋粉尘只有高空西风搬运的悬移细粒组分,该组分的粒度在中国沙漠、黄土高原和北太平洋的风成物中表现出一致性和成因上的内在联系,是该系统中高空悬移并分散于大气中的背景粉尘.     

Mathematical approach to sedimentary component partitioning of polymodal sediments and its applications

Most continental sediments are composed of overlapped components, whose grain-size follows a type of distribution function. The components and the function type of a sample are determined on frequency and cumulative curves of grain-size distribution so as to designate the function formula. The function parameters can be estimated by fit ting designated function to measured grain-sized data of the sample, which simultaneously achieves numerical partitioning of the components. Genetic analysis of hydraulic and aeolian sediments demonstrates the following environmental impli cations. Fluvial sediment is composed of isolated saltation and suspension component. The sediment in drainage closed lakes is dominated by suspension silt-clay component, with little portion of saltatory sand. Fine sand conponent makes up a majority of desert sand overlapped with small portion of fine dust. Loess is composed of overlapped short-suspending silt component and long-suspension fine component. Long-suspension fine dust is the unique component of deep-sea aeo lian sediment. The fine component shows constant grain-size distribution and genetic connection from desert sand, loess of Northern China to Northern Pacific Ocean, which is transported mainly by westerly stream and dispersed in whole stratosphere to form the background dust.