土壤肥料学实验课程的教学改革与实践

为全面培育卓越农林人才，提高教学培养质量，本研究结合土壤肥料学的课程内容、教学特点及实验方法，对存在的问题进行了剖析，并结合实际针对存在问题做出了相应改革，适时调整《土壤肥料学》实验课程内容和形式。通过删减验证性实验内容，增设综合性实验，传统部分教学内容实现网络化等三方面对该课程的实验课部分进行了改革与实践，以期提高学生综合运用所学《土壤肥料学》的相关知识来解决生产实际问题的能力。     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.

     

Forecasting economic indicators using a consumer sentiment index: Survey‐based versus text‐based data

Given the confirmed effectiveness of the survey‐based consumer sentiment index (CSI) as a leading indicator of real economic conditions, the CSI is actively used in making policy judgments and decisions in many countries. However, although the CSI offers qualitative information for presenting current conditions and predicting a household's future economic activity, the survey‐based method has several limitations. In this context, we extracted sentiment information from online economic news articles and demonstrated that the Korean cases are a good illustration of applying a text mining technique when generating a CSI using sentiment analysis. By applying a simple sentiment analysis based on the lexicon approach, this paper confirmed that news articles can be an effective source for generating an economic indicator in Korea. Even though cross‐national comparative research results are suited better than national‐level data to generalize and verify the method used in this study, international comparisons are quite challenging to draw due to the necessary linguistic preprocessing. We hope to encourage further cross‐national comparative research to apply the approach proposed in this study.     

New Develoopment of the Basic Theory of Extenics

In this paper,the new development of three basic theories of Extenics,incluing basic-element theory,extension set theory and extension logic theory ,has been introduced.And the new theoretical frame of Extenics has also been set forth.     

The Optimal Solution of the Model with Physical and Human Capital Adjustment Costs

We prove that the model with physical and human capital adjustment costs has optimal solution when the production function is increasing return and the structure of vetor fields of the model changes substantially when the prodution function from decreasing return turns to increasing return. And it is shown that the economy is improved when the coefficients of adjustment costs become small.     

组合夹具CAD技术的研究进展

组合夹具CAD(Computer-Aided Design)技术，是利用计算机辅助组装设计代替传统的人工组装设计的方法，可以有效地提高组合夹具组装设计的速度和质量。介绍了近年来国内外组合夹具CAD技术的发展概况，提出了今后组合夹具CAD技术的研究方法和发展方向。     

NIPA类共聚温敏水凝胶中水的状态和耐热性

用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（NIPA）与丙烯酸钠（SA）及甲基丙烯酸钠（SMA）共聚合成了两个系列的水凝胶，研究了共聚组成与水凝胶基本性质的关系，并用示差扫描量热法（DSC）和热失重法（TG）研究了此类水凝胶中水的状态和耐热性。     

Photosensitized splitting of cis-syn 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer by tryptophan and its peptides

Photosensitized splitting of cis-syn 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer by tryptophan (Trp) and its peptides (Trp-Tyr and Trp-Phe) is studied by fluorescence quenching experiments and irradiation experiments.It reveals that 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer is mainly split by e?-?aq resulting from two-photon ionization of Trp and its peptides under irradiation with light (λ>290 nm).Moreover,the excited singlet state of Trp and its peptides can transfer an electron to the dimer,which splits and gives two pyrimidines.In addition,because of its lower oxidative potential,the excited triplet state of Trp-Tyr can also split the dimer via transfering an electron to the dimer.     

HARICH-CHANDRA MODULES OVER LIE SUPERAL GEBRAS

In this paper, we obtain a theorem for the classification of the irreducible Harich-Chandra modules over G, Where G is a basic classical Lie superalgebra of I type. And the list of the classi-ficatication is given for G=A(1,0).