Note on occurrence of Mymaromella pala Huber and Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) in Montana: a new state record

The parasitic wasp Mymaromella pala Huber and Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) was collected at 4 sites within a canyon reach of the Kootenai River in Lincoln County, Montana. This minute species has only recently been described, but it appears to have a large distribution throughout the United States and to be associated with upland and riparian forests. La avispa parasitaria Mymaromella pala Huber y Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) se recolectó en cuatro sitios a lo largo de un cañón del Río Kootenai en Lincoln Co., MT. Hace poco que se describió esta especie diminuta, pero parece tener una distribución extensa en los EE.UU. y estar asociada con bosques altos y ribereños.     

你可以承担多少风险

<正>世上有两种企业家,你需要知道你属于哪一种。根据我26年的从商经历,我意识到开办公司的有两种人:喜欢冒险的人和不喜欢冒险的人。无论你属于哪一种,如果你想创立自己的商业王国,必然要面对很大的挑战。第一种企业家最好控制自己,不要屡屡涉险,否则很有可能因决策失误而使公司陷入困境。第二种企业家必须明白,如果毫不冒险也很难有所建树。问题的关键在于:你能承担多少风险和你为了达到目的应该承担多少风险?     

乙酰丁香酮对根癌农杆菌介导的甘薯遗传转化的影响

研究了乙酰丁香酮 (AS)对根癌农杆菌介导的甘薯离体遗传转化的影响 .结果表明 :①菌液中加入AS不利于遗传转化 ;②AS的作用效果与培养基的 pH值有关 .培养基的 pH值为 5 8时 ,加入AS不能提高转化频率 ;而pH值为 5 2时 ,加入AS则能显著提高转化频率 ,特别是AS浓度为 2 5mg·L-1时 ,Kanr 芽获得率提高到 35 7%;③茎段外植体切口两端各滴加 2 μL 2 0 0 μmolL-1的AS ,可使Kanr 芽获得率达 13 3%.     

Pilus retraction powers bacterial twitching motility

Twitching and social gliding motility allow many gram negative bacteria to crawl along surfaces, and are implicated in a wide range of biological functions. Type IV pili (Tfp) are required for twitching and social gliding, but the mechanism by which these filaments promote motility has remained enigmatic. Here we use laser tweezers to show that Tfp forcefully retract. Neisseria gonorrhoeae cells that produce Tfp actively crawl on a glass surface and form adherent microcolonies. When laser tweezers are used to place and hold cells near a microcolony, retractile forces pull the cells toward the microcolony. In quantitative experiments, the Tfp of immobilized bacteria bind to latex beads and retract, pulling beads from the tweezers at forces that can exceed 80 pN. Episodes of retraction terminate with release or breakage of the Tfp tether. Both motility and retraction mediated by Tfp occur at about 1 microm s(-1) and require protein synthesis and function of the PilT protein. Our experiments establish that Tfp filaments retract, generate substantial force and directly mediate cell movement.     

Untersuchungen an Bariumtitanat-Einkristallen

Summary It was possible to produce bariumtitanate monocrystals with ferroelectric qualities, which is shown in the temperature curve of the dielectric constant, in the resonance frequency, and also in hysteresis phenomena.