Microring-Assisted Coupling Between Dissimilar Waveguides

The use of microring resonators to assist in the evanescent field coupling between dissimilar waveguides is proposed and analyzed. Theoretical analysis based on the coupled mode theory and nu-merical example show that complete cross power transfers can be obtained near the microring resonances. Applications of the device include power dividers, low-power thermo-optic or electro-optic switches, and modulators.     

彩色多普勒超声在腹壁下动脉穿支选择中的应用

验证彩色多普勒超声对腹壁下动脉穿支血管术前探查的有效性,寻找腹壁下动脉穿支术前优势穿支的选择标准。利用彩色多普勒超声探查腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣行乳房再造患者52例,重点记录穿支血管穿腹直肌前鞘点的体表投影、口径、血流信息,并通过分析比较以上信息,选择优势穿支。结果52例患者腹壁下动脉穿支穿腹直肌前鞘点于超声下均可显示,平均每侧下腹部3支,距脐平均(5.7±2.09)cm,其中条件适用于显微外科的穿支平均口径(0.95±0.32)cm,血流峰速平均约16.4 cm/s,阻力指数平均0.7。术中优势穿支采用率92.31%。说明高频彩色多普勒超声适用于腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣术前血管探查,可精确指导穿支的术前选择,辅助手术方案制定以及皮瓣设计。     

A murine lung cancer co-clinical trial identifies genetic modifiers of therapeutic response

Targeted therapies have demonstrated efficacy against specific subsets of molecularly defined cancers. Although most patients with lung cancer are stratified according to a single oncogenic driver, cancers harbouring identical activating genetic mutations show large variations in their responses to the same targeted therapy. The biology underlying this heterogeneity is not well understood, and the impact of co-existing genetic mutations, especially the loss of tumour suppressors, has not been fully explored. Here we use genetically engineered mouse models to conduct a 'co-clinical' trial that mirrors an ongoing human clinical trial in patients with KRAS-mutant lung cancers. This trial aims to determine if the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) increases the efficacy of docetaxel, a standard of care chemotherapy. Our studies demonstrate that concomitant loss of either p53 (also known as Tp53) or Lkb1 (also known as Stk11), two clinically relevant tumour suppressors, markedly impaired the response of Kras-mutant cancers to docetaxel monotherapy. We observed that the addition of selumetinib provided substantial benefit for mice with lung cancer caused by Kras and Kras and p53 mutations, but mice with Kras and Lkb1 mutations had primary resistance to this combination therapy. Pharmacodynamic studies, including positron-emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT), identified biological markers in mice and patients that provide a rationale for the differential efficacy of these therapies in the different genotypes. These co-clinical results identify predictive genetic biomarkers that should be validated by interrogating samples from patients enrolled on the concurrent clinical trial. These studies also highlight the rationale for synchronous co-clinical trials, not only to anticipate the results of ongoing human clinical trials, but also to generate clinically relevant hypotheses that can inform the analysis and design of human studies.     

Effective Approach to Elevate the Intelligence of Management Decision System

Based on the sticking point of the low intelligence of the existing management decision system, this paper puts forward the idea of enriching and refining the knowledge of the system and endowing it with the ability to learn by means of adopting three types of heterogeneous knowledge representation and knowledge management measures. At length, this paper outlines the basic framework of an intelligence system for the sake of management decision problem.     

Simulation and uniform design-based automatic generation of risk scenarios

This paper presents a methodology for automatically generating risk scenarios for dynamic reliability applications in which some dynamic characteristics(e.g.,the order,timing and magnitude of events,the value of relevant process parameters and initial conditions) have a significant influence on the evolution of the system.The main idea of the methodology is:(i) making the system model "express itself" through simulation by having the model driven by an elaborated simulation engine;(ii) exploiting uniform design to pick out a small subset of representative design points from the space of relevant dynamic characteristics;(iii) for each selected design point,employing a depth-first systematic exploration strategy to cover all possible scenario branches at each branch point.A highly dynamic example adapted from the literature(a chemical batch reactor) is studied to test the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.