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Monoenergetic beams of relativistic electrons from intense laser-plasma interactions 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mangles SP Murphy CD Najmudin Z Thomas AG Collier JL Dangor AE Divall EJ Foster PS Gallacher JG Hooker CJ Jaroszynski DA Langley AJ Mori WB Norreys PA Tsung FS Viskup R Walton BR Krushelnick K 《Nature》2004,431(7008):535-538
High-power lasers that fit into a university-scale laboratory can now reach focused intensities of more than 10(19) W cm(-2) at high repetition rates. Such lasers are capable of producing beams of energetic electrons, protons and gamma-rays. Relativistic electrons are generated through the breaking of large-amplitude relativistic plasma waves created in the wake of the laser pulse as it propagates through a plasma, or through a direct interaction between the laser field and the electrons in the plasma. However, the electron beams produced from previous laser-plasma experiments have a large energy spread, limiting their use for potential applications. Here we report high-resolution energy measurements of the electron beams produced from intense laser-plasma interactions, showing that--under particular plasma conditions--it is possible to generate beams of relativistic electrons with low divergence and a small energy spread (less than three per cent). The monoenergetic features were observed in the electron energy spectrum for plasma densities just above a threshold required for breaking of the plasma wave. These features were observed consistently in the electron spectrum, although the energy of the beam was observed to vary from shot to shot. If the issue of energy reproducibility can be addressed, it should be possible to generate ultrashort monoenergetic electron bunches of tunable energy, holding great promise for the future development of 'table-top' particle accelerators. 相似文献
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<正>对采自气候为非限制性因子地区的柳杉树轮稳定碳同位素比 δ13 C进行气候响应分析。用排除法消除大气二氧化碳中δ13C的变化对柳杉树轮δ13C变化的影响后,建立残差年序列RE,并结合西天目山气象站的气象记录,分析了树轮δ13C年序列对气候要素的响应。结果表明:西天目山地区树轮 δ13C的高频振荡与 11、12月最高气温的平均值,1、2、3月降水总和以及6、7月降水总和显著相关,在一定程度上反映了东亚季风对该区的影响大小。可见气候非限制性因子地区树轮稳定碳同位素组成年序列同样可以作为气候变化指针。 相似文献
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