煤吸附解吸电磁改性及定量分析

用容量法对焦作朱村矿变质无烟煤在不同频率的交变电磁场中吸附解吸特征进行了研究。实验结果表明：不同频率的交变电磁场作用下，煤吸附C02、N2仍旧符合Langmiur方程；交变电磁场减弱了煤的吸附能力，减小了吸附常数b值，但饱和吸附量(a值)基本上不变．是典型的表面改性现象，并从量的角度分析其改性的程度。     

Stability of coupled impulsive Markovian jump reaction-diffusion systems on networks

This paper is devoted to the investigation of stability for a class of coupled impulsive Markovian jump reaction-diffusion systems on networks (CIMJRDSNs). By using graph theory, a systematic method is provided to construct global Lyapunov functions for the CIMJRDSNs. Based on Lyapunov functions and stochastic analysis method, some novel stability principles associated with the topology property of the networks are established.     

MYH9 is associated with nondiabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans

As end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has a four times higher incidence in African Americans compared to European Americans, we hypothesized that susceptibility alleles for ESRD have a higher frequency in the West African than the European gene pool. We carried out a genome-wide admixture scan in 1,372 ESRD cases and 806 controls and found a highly significant association between excess African ancestry and nondiabetic ESRD (lod score = 5.70) but not diabetic ESRD (lod = 0.47) on chromosome 22q12. Each copy of the European ancestral allele conferred a relative risk of 0.50 (95% CI = 0.39-0.63) compared to African ancestry. Multiple common SNPs (allele frequencies ranging from 0.2 to 0.6) in the gene encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain type II isoform A (MYH9) were associated with two to four times greater risk of nondiabetic ESRD and accounted for a large proportion of the excess risk of ESRD observed in African compared to European Americans.     

Membrane potentials of the squid giant axon recorded with an inserted antimony microelectrode

Résumé Les enregistrements pris simultanément des axones géants deLoligo au moyen de microélectrodes de KCl et de l'antimoine donnent à peu près les mêmes valeurs pour le potentiel de repos et pour la pointe. Les deux microélectrodes enregistrent d'une façon identique les changements de potentiel de la membrane pendant la dépolarisation avec KCl et pendant la restitution. Bien que les microélectrodes de Sb restent toujours réversibles à H⁺, les potentiels enregistrés ne correspondent pas à la distribution de H⁺. Ces données, comme d'autres, indiquent que le potentiel de repos n'est pas une conséquence des distributions deDonnan, mais plutôt, selon toute probabilité, un effet des propriétés de la membrane électrogène.

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This work was carried out at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass., with a grant under MBL contract (Nonr-09705). Additional aid was received from American Philosophical Society, Muscular Dystrophy Associations of America, National Science Foundation and United Cerebral Palsy Associations.     

A wide depth distribution of seismic tremors along the northern Cascadia margin

The Cascadia subduction zone is thought to be capable of generating major earthquakes with moment magnitude as large as M(w) = 9 at an interval of several hundred years. The seismogenic portion of the plate interface is mostly offshore and is currently locked, as inferred from geodetic data. However, episodic surface displacements-in the direction opposite to the long-term deformation motions caused by relative plate convergence across a locked interface-are observed about every 14 months with an unusual tremor-like seismic signature. Here we show that these tremors are distributed over a depth range exceeding 40 km within a limited horizontal band. Many occurred within or close to the strong seismic reflectors above the plate interface where local earthquakes are absent, suggesting that the seismogenic process for tremors is fluid-related. The observed depth range implies that tremors could be associated with the variation of stress field induced by a transient slip along the deeper portion of the Cascadia interface or, alternatively, that episodic slip is more diffuse than originally suggested.     

Contributions of an avian basal ganglia-forebrain circuit to real-time modulation of song

Cortical-basal ganglia circuits have a critical role in motor control and motor learning. In songbirds, the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP) is a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit required for song learning and adult vocal plasticity but not for production of learned song. Here, we investigate functional contributions of this circuit to the control of song, a complex, learned motor skill. We test the hypothesis that neural activity in the AFP of adult birds can direct moment-by-moment changes in the primary motor areas responsible for generating song. We show that song-triggered microstimulation in the output nucleus of the AFP induces acute and specific changes in learned parameters of song. Moreover, under both natural and experimental conditions, variability in the pattern of AFP activity is associated with variability in song structure. Finally, lesions of the output nucleus of the AFP prevent naturally occurring modulation of song variability. These findings demonstrate a previously unappreciated capacity of the AFP to direct real-time changes in song. More generally, they suggest that frontal cortical and basal ganglia areas may contribute to motor learning by biasing motor output towards desired targets or by introducing stochastic variability required for reinforcement learning.     

Extractive components from the nutmeg ofMyristica simarum A. DC.: The structure of lignan-ketone: Otobanone

Summary Otobanon obtained fromn-hexane extract ofMyristica simarum A. DC. was elucidated as 1-oxo-otobain by the physical spectra and chemical degradation.Acknowledgment. The authors are indebted to Chemical Research Center for financial support under the project No. CRC-6203, which supported by the National Council on Science Development of China.     

Evidence for reopening of the cranial neural tube in mouse embryos treated with cadmium chloride

Use of the whole-embryo culture technique resulted in experimental evidence that the pathogenesis of exencephaly in mouse embryos after cadmium chloride treatment results from reopening of the cranial neural tube.     

抽风率对旋风分离器主要性能参数的影响

根据冷模试验结果，探讨了抽风率对压力损失、分离效率与切割粒径等旋风分离器的主要性能参数的影响，分析了造成这种影响的原因，从而可为开发新型的旋风分离器提供参考。