Initial genome sequencing and analysis of multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here we report the massively parallel sequencing of 38 tumour genomes and their comparison to matched normal DNAs. Several new and unexpected oncogenic mechanisms were suggested by the pattern of somatic mutation across the data set. These include the mutation of genes involved in protein translation (seen in nearly half of the patients), genes involved in histone methylation, and genes involved in blood coagulation. In addition, a broader than anticipated role of NF-κB signalling was indicated by mutations in 11 members of the NF-κB pathway. Of potential immediate clinical relevance, activating mutations of the kinase BRAF were observed in 4% of patients, suggesting the evaluation of BRAF inhibitors in multiple myeloma clinical trials. These results indicate that cancer genome sequencing of large collections of samples will yield new insights into cancer not anticipated by existing knowledge.     

MUL TIPLICATIVE NOISE IN TRANSIENT LASER INTENSITY

Effects of multiplicatioe noise in transient laser intensity are investigated theoretically. Analytic solutions are calculated through a reduced Fokker-Planck equation and the results with different pump parameters are discussed.     

抗氧化剂抑制内皮细胞表面的白细胞粘附不依赖其抗氧化活性

氧张力是炎症反应、再灌注损伤和动脉粥样硬化形成的致病因素。这些病变的共同点是内皮细胞表面的白细胞粘附增加。我们用几种抗氧化剂：ＤＣＩ,Ｃｈｒｙｓｉｎ,ＰＤＴＣ和Ｐｒｏｂｕｃｏｌ在流动条件下（切变力在０６～２４ｄｙｎ／ｃｍ２）实验其对内皮细胞表面白细胞粘附的影响,用化学发光法分析这几种抗氧化剂的抗氧化活性。结果显示：ＰＤＴＣ和Ｐｒｏｂｕｃｏｌ对外周血有核细胞氧自由基的产生没有抑制作用,Ｃｈｒｙｓｉｎ可轻度抑制,ＤＣＩ可明显抑制活性氧的产生。相反,ＰＤＴＣ（最大半抑制量８×１０－４ｍｏｌ和Ｃｈｒｙｓｉｎ最大半抑制量５×１０－５ｍｏｌ）可抑制细胞对经ＴＮＦα刺激的人脐带静脉内皮细胞（ＨＵＶＥＣ）的粘附。ＤＣＩ和Ｐｒｏｂｕｃｏｌ对各种切变力范围的细胞粘附无作用。抗氧化剂对内皮细胞表面的白细胞粘附的抑制作用不能单用其抗氧性特性来解释。可能的作用机理是这类物质直接作用转录因子ＮＦ－ｋＢ的结果     

Evaluation of the Heat,Entropy, and Rotational Changes Produced by Gravitational Segregation during Core Formation

Core formation by gravitational segregation allegedly released sufficient interior heat to melt the Earth. Analysis of the energetics, which compare gravitational potential energy (Ug) of a fictitious,...     

SURFACE SPIN WAVES FOR A SEMI-INFINITE FERRIMAGNET WITH A SINGLE ION UNIAXIAL ANISOTROPY IN THE PRESENCE OF MAGNETIC IMPURITY LAYER

A C3Cl-type(bcc)-semi-infinite ferrimagnet with a single-ion uniaxial anisotropy and a magnetic impurity layer is considered through combining Green‘s function theory with the transfer-mairx method.The effect of the anisotropy term and the impurity layer on surface spin wave specirum is discussed.The influence of the impurity layer‘s distance from the surface or surface spin woves is also concerned.