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Hinch AG Tandon A Patterson N Song Y Rohland N Palmer CD Chen GK Wang K Buxbaum SG Akylbekova EL Aldrich MC Ambrosone CB Amos C Bandera EV Berndt SI Bernstein L Blot WJ Bock CH Boerwinkle E Cai Q Caporaso N Casey G Cupples LA Deming SL Diver WR Divers J Fornage M Gillanders EM Glessner J Harris CC Hu JJ Ingles SA Isaacs W John EM Kao WH Keating B Kittles RA Kolonel LN Larkin E Le Marchand L McNeill LH Millikan RC Murphy A Musani S Neslund-Dudas C Nyante S Papanicolaou GJ Press MF Psaty BM 《Nature》2011,476(7359):170-175
Recombination, together with mutation, gives rise to genetic variation in populations. Here we leverage the recent mixture of people of African and European ancestry in the Americas to build a genetic map measuring the probability of crossing over at each position in the genome, based on about 2.1 million crossovers in 30,000 unrelated African Americans. At intervals of more than three megabases it is nearly identical to a map built in Europeans. At finer scales it differs significantly, and we identify about 2,500 recombination hotspots that are active in people of West African ancestry but nearly inactive in Europeans. The probability of a crossover at these hotspots is almost fully controlled by the alleles an individual carries at PRDM9 (P?value 相似文献
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A direct filtered-backprojection(FBP) reconstruction algorithm is presented for circular cone-beam computed tomography(CB-CT) that allows the filter operation to be applied efficiently with shift-variant band-pass characteristics on the kernel function.Our algorithm is derived from the ramp-filter based FBP method of Feldkamp et al.and obtained by decomposing the ramp filtering into a convolution involving the Hilbert kernel(global operation) and a subsequent differentiation operation(local operation).The d... 相似文献
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