粉末高温合金平衡相析出行为的热力学对比

利用热力学平衡相计算方法及相应的高温合金数据库对René95,Rene88DT和эп741нп三种合金在平衡相析出温度范围和析出量以及之间的关联性进行了系统的热力学计算对比分析.结果表明:三种粉末高温合金的平衡相种类基本相同,主要平衡相为γ,γ'和碳化物M23C6,MC,M6C.René95合金中的碳化物含量要高于其他两种合金.3п741нп有着较高的γ'相析出温度和较大的析出量.随温度降低,Co和Nb从γ'相中析出,在其周围富集,其中3п741нп合金中尤为明显.合金元素的偏聚度也和合金的初熔点与终熔点之差的大小有关,其熔解区间越大即初熔点和终熔点之差越大,合金元素的偏聚度越大.     

Secure Two-Party Distance Computation Protocol Based on Privacy Homomorphism and Scalar Product in Wireless Sensor Networks

Numerous privacy-preserving issues have emerged along with the fast development of the Internet of Things. In addressing privacy protection problems in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), secure multi-party computation is considered vital, where obtaining the Euclidian distance between two nodes with no disclosure of either side’s secrets has become the focus of location-privacy-related applications. This paper proposes a novel Privacy-Preserving Scalar Product Protocol(PPSPP) for wireless sensor networks. Based on PPSPP, we then propose a Homomorphic-Encryption-based Euclidean Distance Protocol(HEEDP) without third parties. This protocol can achieve secure distance computation between two sensor nodes. Correctness proofs of PPSPP and HEEDP are provided, followed by security validation and analysis. Performance evaluations via comparisons among similar protocols demonstrate that HEEDP is superior; it is most efficient in terms of both communication and computation on a wide range of data types, especially in wireless sensor networks.     

In vivo genome editing restores haemostasis in a mouse model of haemophilia

Editing of the human genome to correct disease-causing mutations is a promising approach for the treatment of genetic disorders. Genome editing improves on simple gene-replacement strategies by effecting in situ correction of a mutant gene, thus restoring normal gene function under the control of endogenous regulatory elements and reducing risks associated with random insertion into the genome. Gene-specific targeting has historically been limited to mouse embryonic stem cells. The development of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) has permitted efficient genome editing in transformed and primary cells that were previously thought to be intractable to such genetic manipulation. In vitro, ZFNs have been shown to promote efficient genome editing via homology-directed repair by inducing a site-specific double-strand break (DSB) at a target locus, but it is unclear whether ZFNs can induce DSBs and stimulate genome editing at a clinically meaningful level in vivo. Here we show that ZFNs are able to induce DSBs efficiently when delivered directly to mouse liver and that, when co-delivered with an appropriately designed gene-targeting vector, they can stimulate gene replacement through both homology-directed and homology-independent targeted gene insertion at the ZFN-specified locus. The level of gene targeting achieved was sufficient to correct the prolonged clotting times in a mouse model of haemophilia B, and remained persistent after induced liver regeneration. Thus, ZFN-driven gene correction can be achieved in vivo, raising the possibility of genome editing as a viable strategy for the treatment of genetic disease.     

Evidence for gene transfer and expression of factor IX in haemophilia B patients treated with an AAV vector

Pre-clinical studies in mice and haemophilic dogs have shown that introduction of an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector encoding blood coagulation factor IX (FIX) into skeletal muscle results in sustained expression of F.IX at levels sufficient to correct the haemophilic phenotype. On the basis of these data and additional pre-clinical studies demonstrating an absence of vector-related toxicity, we initiated a clinical study of intramuscular injection of an AAV vector expressing human F.IX in adults with severe haemophilia B. The study has a dose-escalation design, and all patients have now been enrolled in the initial dose cohort (2 x 10(11) vg/kg). Assessment in the first three patients of safety and gene transfer and expression show no evidence of germline transmission of vector sequences or formation of inhibitory antibodies against F.IX. We found that the vector sequences are present in muscle by PCR and Southern-blot analyses of muscle biopsies and we demonstrated expression of F.IX by immunohistochemistry. We observed modest changes in clinical endpoints including circulating levels of F.IX and frequency of FIX protein infusion. The evidence of gene expression at low doses of vector suggests that dose calculations based on animal data may have overestimated the amount of vector required to achieve therapeutic levels in humans, and that the approach offers the possibility of converting severe haemophilia B to a milder form of the disease.     

填充方钴矿热电材料:从单填到多填

以传统窄带半导体材料为主要对象的高性能热电材料研究近年来发展迅速并取得了明显进展.本文以含本征晶格孔洞的笼状结构CoSb3基方钴矿化合物的相关研究为主线,综述近年来热电材料的主要研究进展,并分析了杂质原子在孔洞中部分填充特性为基础的填充方钴矿化合物的结构调控、电-热输运性能协同调控、以及热电性能优化的内在物理机制及其实验实现.在本征孔洞结构的方钴矿化合物中引入部分填充的杂质原子,通过局域声子散射而显著降低晶格热导率,同时可以优化电输运性能.研究还发现这样一类特殊结构化合物的电热输运性能可以通过选择不同价态与不同局域振动频率的多种不同填充原子的组合填充而实现可以近乎独立地调控与优化,热电优值达到1.7@850K,实现了明显具有声子玻璃-电子晶体特征的一类高性能热电材料.研究工作一方面明显提高了填充方钴矿材料的热电性能,另一方面加深了相关物理机制的理解,对进一步的新热电材料体系的设计具有指导意义.     

高温醇水体系爆炸极限的测定

爆炸极限是重要的危险性参数.常温下爆炸极限数据已很充足,非常温下爆炸极限数据却很罕见.本文用约20升的爆炸容器,在25℃～210℃范围内测定了无水乙醇、80%乙醇、60%乙醇、40%乙醇等醇水体系的LEL和UEL值,常温下所测数据与文献值相同.     

在冲击波纳秒加载过程中水的结晶相变及其动力学现象

在一级轻气炮加载实验中,利用光透射测量技术在线观测了水在多次冲击下发生结晶相变的动力学过程.实验研究表明:当水被压缩到液-固相边界附近,在界面效应的作用下,处于亚稳状态的水迅速局部结晶成核,并且在数十个纳秒内达到对入射光产生散射效应的尺度.固相体积分数随压力递增而增加,当样品中的压力达到平衡时结晶速率逐渐变缓.     

Ru-Pd/AC双金属负载催化剂上不同基团的取代芳烃液相加氢反应活性的比较

采用自制的Ru／AC、Ru-Pd／AC、Pd／AC催化剂，考察了不同供电与吸电基团的取代苯、吡啶以及萘等芳香烃的加氢活性．结果表明：双金属Ru-Pd／AC(w／w=5％）催化剂的活性远大于Ru／AC(w／w=5％)，并与Pd／AC(w／w=3～4％)相当，因此双金属Ru和Pd之间存在协同作用．同时，在相同的实验条件下，带供电子基团的取代苯的加氢活性高于带吸电子基团取代苯，表现出很好的芳环加氢规律。     

State Estimation of Discrete Stochastic Singular System

1　 IntroductionIn the area of singular systems control much work has been done recently. The basictheory of singular systems has been proposed. A lot of results are obtained fordeterministic singluar systems[1～ 2 ] . However,only a few results are from stochasticsingular systems[3～ 5] ,in which attention is paid to time-invariant stochastic singularsystems. The state estimation and observation problems of time-invariant stochasticsingular systems have been discussed in[3 ] .The state estim…