长江水质评价和预测的模型研究

本文研究长江水质的评价与预测的模型。对长江近两年水质总体情况和地区分布进行了定性和定量分析。根据近10年(水文年)的主要统计数据进行分析,给出了I—V类、劣V类水无量纲百分比发展趋势和污水排放量发展趋势的超越函数混合模型和趋势图,由此预测未来长江水污染的情势。最后对解决长江水质污染问题提出了几点建议。     

Chemical characterization of element 112

The heaviest elements to have been chemically characterized are seaborgium (element 106), bohrium (element 107) and hassium (element 108). All three behave according to their respective positions in groups 6, 7 and 8 of the periodic table, which arranges elements according to their outermost electrons and hence their chemical properties. However, the chemical characterization results are not trivial: relativistic effects on the electronic structure of the heaviest elements can strongly influence chemical properties. The next heavy element targeted for chemical characterization is element 112; its closed-shell electronic structure with a filled outer s orbital suggests that it may be particularly susceptible to strong deviations from the chemical property trends expected within group 12. Indeed, first experiments concluded that element 112 does not behave like its lighter homologue mercury. However, the production and identification methods used cast doubt on the validity of this result. Here we report a more reliable chemical characterization of element 112, involving the production of two atoms of (283)112 through the alpha decay of the short-lived (287)114 (which itself forms in the nuclear fusion reaction of 48Ca with 242Pu) and the adsorption of the two atoms on a gold surface. By directly comparing the adsorption characteristics of (283)112 to that of mercury and the noble gas radon, we find that element 112 is very volatile and, unlike radon, reveals a metallic interaction with the gold surface. These adsorption characteristics establish element 112 as a typical element of group 12, and its successful production unambiguously establishes the approach to the island of stability of superheavy elements through 48Ca-induced nuclear fusion reactions with actinides.     

冷链运输装备开门渗风试验及温度场分析

冷藏运输与配送过程中开、关门进行装卸作业易造成货物温度波动,从而影响食品质量,亟待规范.研究对30℃/-18℃条件下冷链配送过程中存在问题进行分析,对装卸时间、是否安装门帘、装卸时是否开启循环风机等状况进行对比试验.在此基础上有针对性地提出完善及规范化的操作方案.认为开门时间长短是影响运输装备内部温度最重要的因素之一,在装卸作业时对大门开启处进行适当的保护则能大大降低冷量的损失,此外,装卸作业时车内循环风机以关闭为宜.     

构建农村经济安全体系的思考

近年来农村经济的发展出现了减缓趋势,农村面临的经济安全问题,必须引起我们高度重视。全面建设小康社会重点在农村,关键是发展农村经济。为了保证农村经济安全、健康、持续的发展,必须构建农村经济安全保障体系。     

论和谐社会构建中体育之促进作用

采用文献资料、逻辑推理、理论等方法,分析了和谐社会的构建拓宽了体育的功能范围,并对体育在和谐社会构建中的作用进行了论述,旨在更新观念,树立“和谐”意识。