基于BP神经网络对黄河源区降水的降尺度模拟研究

利用黄河源区实测的水文气象资料、NCEP再分析数据及HadCM3情景模式,通过研究气象因子与降雨之间的非线性关系,基于BP神经网络模型采用3种不同时段(即全年S1、枯水期和丰水期S2及四季S4)对黄河源区建立3种降雨的统计降尺度模式,分析评价不同模式对降雨指标的模拟能力.结果表明:3个模型的模拟效果的优劣随着研究的时间尺度变化,对多数降雨指标的变化趋势能成功捕捉,但对量的模拟效果会随着指标和季节而变化,对极端指标的模拟效果均较差.     

Modified Dye for Water-Fast Ink-Jet Printing

A quaternary ammonium compound containing amino acid residue was synthesized by Converting 3-chloro-2-hydroxy-propyalkyldimethylammonium chlorides into its epoxide derivatives, then attaching an amino acid to the epoxide derivatives synthesized a quaternary ammonium compound containing amino acid residue. Modified dyes were prepared by the ionotropy of anionic dyes with the quaternary ammonium compound containing amino acid residue. It was discovered that the modified dyes exhibited an excellent pH controllable solubility. These modified dyes have good water solubility at pH> 8.0, but they were water insoluble at pH < 6.5. On the printing paper, modified dyes in water-based ink-jet print ink could convert to water insoluble form and give prints excellent water fastness.