A new method for uniform local heating deep in body using ultrasound phased-array system

A new method for targeted heating of deep tissue was developed by using an ultrasound phased-array system which can generate various multiple foci patterns by electronically changing its amplitude or phase pattern. This method involves using a technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns to create a uniform temperature over tissue volumes in various size. Using this method, the target tissue deep in the body can be heated to a specified temperature, which gives conditions for thermo-sensitive liposomes release. A simulation study for a 108-element, spherically sectioned array was performed to determine an optimal heating scheme from a set of multiple focus fields which were produced by inputting different combinations of phases and amplitudes. Comparisons of a static multiple foci field, the switched fields and the switched-rotated fields indicated that the technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns has advantages of both lowering the peak temperature and evening the temperature distribution. The simulation results also show that the therapeutic heating zones in various size employing the combined method. These results offer significant data for designing thermotherapy equipment for tumor-specific drug release with thermo-sensitive liposomes.     

相控阵聚焦超声消融肿瘤的建模与仿真

相控阵聚焦超声可以同时产生多焦点的声场分布,形成较大的治疗热场,能够很好地解决传统球面换能器焦斑体积小,治疗时间长的问题。提出一种基于Rayleigh-Sommerfeld积分和Pennes生物传热方程的三维声热模型,采用有限元分析方法,在ANSYS仿真环境中研究了相控阵聚焦超声治疗时血流灌注对温度场和焦斑的影响。仿真中所有声场和温度场计算均为三维。焦斑体积根据Sapareto-Dewey方程确定。仿真结果表明采用该模型可以较为准确地预测焦斑的生成情况,反映血流灌注对焦斑的影响,血流灌注对焦斑生成的影响将随着照射时间的变化而发生变化。     

基于支持向量机的概率密度估计方法

介绍了基于支持向量机的概率密度估计。从概率密度的定义出发，利用支持向量机求解线性算子方程的方法，直接估计出密度。建立了几种不同的支持向量机仿真模型来进行概率密度估计。从仿真结果来看，该种方法与Parzen窗的精度等级类似，同时又具有Parzen窗方法所不具备的稀疏解。     

聚焦超声消融肝癌时大血管位置对热场分布的影响

采用有限元方法研究了聚焦超声消融肝脏肿瘤时，大血管存在于肿瘤附近不同位置对温度分布以及热剂量分布的影响．建立基于大血管对流效应的生物传热模型，基于不同的加热方案进行3-D温度瞬态仿真．仿真针对四种情况进行计算：模型中无血管，血管分别距离肿瘤1mm、2mm、3mm．仿真结果表明使用聚焦超声进行快速加热可以使能量集中在目标治疗区域．但是当肿瘤组织的近距离内（1mm）存在大血管且加热时间较长时（〉2s），肿瘤组织靠近血管的边界部分仍然会受到大血管冷却效应的影响，这种影响会导致肿瘤治疗不彻底．当肿瘤距离大血管3ram以上时，大血管在聚焦超声治疗中的冷却效应不再明显．