Groundwater Level Predictions Using Artificial Neural Networks

IntroductionThe prediction of groundwater level fluctuation fordifferent natural conditions and usage rates is ofgreat importance for the use and management ofgroundwater resources.However,groundwaterlevel fluctuations are influenced by many factors,such as precipitation,infiltration,usage and thehydro- geological properties of the aquifer.Therefore,the groundwater level fluctuations arecomplicated and difficult to predict,especially indeep areas.Wells are commonly drilled tounderstand aquifer…     

地下水位对干旱区河谷林耗水影响的数值模拟

为研究不同地下水位下的干旱区河谷林水分动态变化、消耗规律及维持河谷林正常生长的临界地下水埋深及其年内变化过程,利用HYDRUS-1D软件建立了河谷区地下水—土壤—植物—大气连续体(GSPAC)水分传输模型,对新疆额尔齐斯河干流河谷林水分动态过程进行模拟分析。结果表明:河谷林实际腾发量随地下水位的降低而减小,维持河谷林正常生长的临界地下水埋深(河谷林各月旬最小耗水比例达到70%时的地下水埋深)随时间变化,河谷林生长期4～10月临界地下水埋深分别为6.2m、4.2m、2.8m、3.5m、9.5m、12.2m和8.3m。     

地下水高浓度三氯乙烯厌氧生物降解的进展

 三氯乙烯是工业中普遍使用的有机溶剂,是土壤和地下水中普遍存在的污染物,而高浓度三氯乙烯污染更具有持久性。本文从高浓度三氯乙烯脱氯降解的可行性入手,分析其厌氧还原脱氯的降解途径和降解机制的重要要素：电子供体和微生物。同时,讨论了pH值及各种抑制因素对脱氯程度和速率的影响,着重综合比较了常用的还原降解动力学模型,并对今后的研究发展趋势进行了展望。在试验方面,耐高浓度氯代乙烯的脱氯菌株的筛选和培养,以及电子供体基质的效果需要进一步研究;在数值模拟方面,生物反应、水文地球化学反应和地下水物理流动、多组分溶质运移相耦合的模型仍较缺乏,此外模型中的诸多反应类参数仍缺少系统的实验验证,这些都需要进一步研究。     

Natural Biological Attenuation of Benzene in Groundwater

IntroductionBenzene is a toxic contaminant often detectedin high concentration above the allowable limits ingroundwater beneath petro- chemical plants.Theprocesses for removing benzene from groundwaterinclude adsorption by activated carbon,airstripping,chemical oxidation,and biologicaldegradation[1] .Pumping the benzene out of theground and treating itexternally is commonly usedbutis expensive and requires long periods of time.The method of in situ biological degradation isthought to be cost- …