金沙江白鹤滩水电站旱谷地料场岩溶发育特征及工程效应

巧家县旱谷地石灰石料场岩溶总体不发育,但开挖揭示有较大岩溶管道,查明岩溶发育的规律对料场下一步开采布局具有现实意义。通过对料场及其周边的实地调查、钻孔揭露及物探,对地下岩溶以及地表岩溶分布特征及位置进行统计,结合构造、岩性、水文及地貌等地质特征对岩溶发育机理进行分析讨论,认为特殊水文条件下可以在岩溶发育较差地区发育岩溶异常带"。主要结论如下:①巧家旱谷地斜坡由于地表支沟发育,地表水无法聚集,地表岩溶不发育。②料场上方缓坡平台后缘有一断层泉,流量约1. 8 L/s,泉水出露后又在该平台渗入地下,使得料场区地下岩溶较地表发育;旱谷地平台后缘保存有菩萨洞和蝙蝠洞,为当时溶洞的出口。③地下岩溶通道首先在普家村平台断层泉渗入地下,沿中梁子沟发育切层陡倾坡外的"垂直"管道,直径约12 m,在1 400 m高程,顺层发育水平管道(层控),并在大弯子沟右岸菩萨洞及蝙蝠洞岩溶水排出地表;随着旱谷地台面的抬升,现今岩溶管道仍然以垂直管道向金沙江谷底方向排泄,出口在巧家县城龙潭一带。④由于管道及其附近塌陷及溶洞角砾、次生泥充填,危岩垮塌严重,不能满足石料质量要求,料场区有用料储量减少10%～15%。     

Research on Mechanical Properties of Chemical Fibers

Development and present situation of chemical fiber industry was briefly introduced. In this paper, a comparative study on mechanical properties of nylon, polyester, and polypropylene was done. The purpose of the study is to have a better understanding of the performance of the various fibers and their advantages and disadvantages, to explore their application environment.