涤纶多孔纺丝过程中温度、速度、张力径向分布问题的研究

本文建立了在密闭环吹条件下,多孔纺丝过程的数学模型.借计算机求得各层纤维温度、速度、张力、速度梯度沿纺程的分布和各层纤维凝固距离、双折射△n等变化.对探讨纺丝机理、选择最佳工艺、改进设备提供有益参考.     

用绝热法测定对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯缩聚反应的动力学参数

本文应用绝热法测定对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙体系中的反应动力学参数。测得该反应为二级反应,活化能E=3.349千焦/摩尔,频率因子A_0=6.165升/摩尔·秒,反应速度常数k=6.165((C_(AO)/(C_A~*)~(-0.6935)exp(-(3.349)/(RT))。这种方法简便、迅速、准确,对研究其缩聚反应过程及机理都具有一定的意义。     

新型变径搅拌反应器及其应用

反应器内装有两种不同类型的搅拌器——变径搅拌器和二叶倾斜式搅拌器。变径搅拌器的直径大小可根据不同的化学反应要求改变,使整个反应体系的浓度、温度均匀一致,且无死角。该设备特别适用于反应速度极快,有热效应和粘度变化范围大的反应体系。在应用于对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯缩聚反应中,取得很好的效果,其粘度(η_(inh))能达到5以上。同时,它还具有结构简单、操作灵活等优点。     

AN INNOVATED REACTOR WITH VARYING DIAMETER AGITATOR AND ITS APPLICATIONS

The reactor is equipped with two different types of agitators: the diameter-variable agitator and the two-pitched-paddle agitator. The diameter of the former can be varied according to the requirement of the chemical reactions, thus making the concentration and temperature of the whole reaction system uniform throughout the reactor without any stagnant zone. It is shown that the apparatus has the preponderance over conventional agitator, especially when extremely rapid reactions are accompanied by large amount of reaction heat and when the viscosity of the reaction system varies in a wide range. The reactor is very effective when applied to the polycondensation reaction between paraphenylene diamine (PPDA) and terephthyl chloride (TPC). The inherent viscosity (η_(inh)) of the polymer comes up to more than 5. This innovative agitator has the advantage of simplicity in structure and flexibility in operation, etc.     

对苯二胺和对苯二甲酰氯在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶剂体系中缩聚动力学模型

本文提出了对苯二胺和对苯二甲酰氯在N-甲基吡咯烷酮—氯化钙溶剂体系中缩聚反应动力学模型,得到相应的不同端基不同链长分子的反应速度式。应用Runge-Kutta法求解可得A-A型、B-B型和A-B型三种不同类型的分子量分布,这比通常采用的一种分子量分布更符合实际情况。模型的正确性通过绝热反应器测得的温度—时间曲线来检验。