Detection of fusaric acid in the mycelium and conidia ofFusarium oxysporum f.vasinfectum

Résumé Le champignonFusarium oxysporum f.vasinfectum contient de l'acide fusarique (l'acide 5-n-butyle picolinique) dans les filaments et spores.     

How the Venus flytrap snaps

The rapid closure of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) leaf in about 100 ms is one of the fastest movements in the plant kingdom. This led Darwin to describe the plant as "one of the most wonderful in the world". The trap closure is initiated by the mechanical stimulation of trigger hairs. Previous studies have focused on the biochemical response of the trigger hairs to stimuli and quantified the propagation of action potentials in the leaves. Here we complement these studies by considering the post-stimulation mechanical aspects of Venus flytrap closure. Using high-speed video imaging, non-invasive microscopy techniques and a simple theoretical model, we show that the fast closure of the trap results from a snap-buckling instability, the onset of which is controlled actively by the plant. Our study identifies an ingenious solution to scaling up movements in non-muscular engines and provides a general framework for understanding nastic motion in plants.     

GC/MS法追踪摇头丸杂质体系

本文运用GS/MS的总离子流法,选择离子法,对南京地区常见的几种摇头丸进行全面分析,找出与合成途径相关的痕量杂质,根据杂质情况初步确定其合成途径.     

鲁克沁构造带稠油成藏机制研究

吐哈盆地台南凹陷鲁克沁构造带中的北西走向断层受挤压强烈 ,封闭性好 ;而北东走向断层封闭性差 ,常成为油气运移的良好通道。由于本区断块圈闭的有效性差 ,故不具备大规模聚集稀油的条件 ,但对稠变到一定程度的稠油能起较好的封堵作用。鲁克沁构造带高粘重质油的形成是原油运移和成藏阶段双重稠变作用的结果 ,并且油气的聚集是一个动态的过程。随着原油的逐渐稠变 ,所需要的封堵条件逐渐降低 ,油气的聚集过程才趋于稳定。鲁克沁构造带构造后期变革主要表现在构造幅度的增大 ,而未发生强烈的断裂作用 ,因此 ,前侏罗系油藏得以完好地保存     

On the growth and form of the gut

The developing vertebrate gut tube forms a reproducible looped pattern as it grows into the body cavity. Here we use developmental experiments to eliminate alternative models and show that gut looping morphogenesis is driven by the homogeneous and isotropic forces that arise from the relative growth between the gut tube and the anchoring dorsal mesenteric sheet, tissues that grow at different rates. A simple physical mimic, using a differentially strained composite of a pliable rubber tube and a soft latex sheet is consistent with this mechanism and produces similar patterns. We devise a mathematical theory and a computational model for the number, size and shape of intestinal loops based solely on the measurable geometry, elasticity and relative growth of the tissues. The predictions of our theory are quantitatively consistent with observations of intestinal loops at different stages of development in the chick embryo. Our model also accounts for the qualitative and quantitative variation in the distinct gut looping patterns seen in a variety of species including quail, finch and mouse, illuminating how the simple macroscopic mechanics of differential growth drives the morphology of the developing gut.     

X-ray analysis of beta B2-crystallin and evolution of oligomeric lens proteins

The beta, gamma-crystallins form a class of homologous proteins in the eye lens. Each gamma-crystallin comprises four topologically equivalent, Greek key motifs; pairs of motifs are organized around a local dyad to give domains and two similar domains are in turn related by a further local dyad. Sequence comparisons and model building predicted that hetero-oligomeric beta-crystallins also had internally quadruplicated subunits, but with extensions at the N and C termini, indicating that beta, gamma-crystallins evolved in two duplication steps from an ancestral protein folded as a Greek key. We report here the X-ray analysis at 2.1 A resolution of beta B2-crystallin homodimer which shows that the connecting peptide is extended and the two domains separated in a way quite unlike gamma-crystallin. Domain interactions analogous to those within monomeric gamma-crystallin are intermolecular and related by a crystallographic dyad in the beta B2-crystallin dimer. This shows how oligomers can evolve by conserving an interface rather than connectivity. A further interaction between dimers suggests a model for more complex aggregates of beta-crystallin in the lens.     

求取剩余油饱和度的一种实用方法

分析了水驱油田地质、测井及开发动态特征，提出了用生产井含水率资料结合测井资料求取产层平均剩余油饱和度的方法。阐述了该方法的基本模型和计算过程，并以实例计算说明了这种方法的实际应用效果。结果表明，该方法操作简便、实用性强、计算结果可靠，且能准确反映储层的剩余油分布特征。这种方法也避免了水淹层混合液电阻率、岩电系数和水淹层电阻率求取值失真的影响。