A high-resolution environmental change record since 19 cal ka BP in Pumoyum Co,southern Tibet

A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS ¹⁴C chronological method. The ¹⁴C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using ²¹⁰Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.     

A case study of WebGIS technology for distance learning between Korea and Japan

Recently，some case study of distance learning by internet line are widely carried out. Until now，the cultural or friendship exchange was a main purpose using distance learning program. In our research group， a distance learning which connected 3 sites (Nagasaki and Omura and Kagoshima in Japan) was tried as a domestic example [1]. In this case，internet exclusive line and portable telephone were utilized for DVTS technical support of distance learning. Nowadays，the international distance learning for education is also beginning. Our research group also tried international distance learning between Kwangju city of Korea and Nagasaki city of Japan using DVTS techniques with the tools of WebGIS education materials.     

A case study of WebGIS technology for distance learning between Korea and Japan

Recently, some case study of distance learning by internet line are widely carried out. Until now, the cultural or friendship exchange was a main purpose using distance learning program. In our research group, a distance learning which connected 3 sites (Nagasaki and Omura and Kagoshima in Japan) was tried as a domestic example[1]. In this case, internet exclusive line and portable telephone were utilized for DVTS technical support of distance learning. Nowadays, the international distance learning for education is also beginning. Our research group also tried international distance learning between Kwangju city of Korea and Nagasaki city of Japan using DVTS techniques with the tools of WebGIS education materials.