Thermal Deformation Measurement and Stress Analysis of PQFP Assembly during Power Cycling

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A Multistep Finite Volume Method with Penalty for Thermal Convection Problems in Two or Three Dimensions

The author considers a thermal convection problem with infinite Prandtl number in two or three dimensions. The mathematical model of such problem is described as an initial boundary value problem made up of three partial differential equations. One equation of the convection-dominated diffusion type for the temperature, and another two of the Stokes type for the normalized velocity and pressure. The approximate solution is obtained by a penalty finite volume method for the Stokes equation and a multistep upwind finite volume method for the convection-diffusion equation. Under suitable smoothness of the exact solution, error estimates in some discrete norms are derived.     

某速射火炮身管系统传热特性的数值仿真研究

热烧蚀磨损是决定速射火炮身管寿命的关键因素。以某采用外液冷方式的速射火炮身管为研究对象,建立了包括身管、冷却液和水套的流固耦合传热模型,使用有限元方法进行研究。研究表明:(1)速射火炮的射频是决定身管内膛尖峰温度的极为重要的因素。(2)对于速射火炮,外液冷方式可以有效降低身管外壁的温度,但对于身管内膛温度的降低和寿命的提高作用有限。合理选择流速可以达到冷却效率与动力的最佳匹配。     

Structural and dynamical features contributing to thermostability in α-amylases

In recent years an increasing number of studies on thermophilic and hyperthermophilic proteins aiming to elucidate determinants of protein thermostability have yielded valuable insights about the relevant mechanisms. In particular, comparison of homologous enzymes with different thermostabilities (isolated from psychrophilic, mesophilic, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organsims) offers a unique opportunity to determine the strategies of thermal adaptation. In this respect, the medium-sized amylolytic enzyme α-amylase is a well-established representative. Various studies on α-amylases with very different thermostabilities (melting temperature T_m = 40–110°C) report structural and dynamical features as well as thermodynamical properties which are supposed to play key roles in thermal adaptation. Here, results from selected homologous α-amylases are presented and discussed with respect to some new and recently proposed strategies to achieve thermostability.Received 28 February 2005; received after revision 29 April 2005; accepted 19 May 2005     

用于余热回收的三压力氨水动力循环的热力性能

为了提高低温余热动力回收系统的吸收驱动力和增强蒸发器抗低温腐蚀的能力,提出了三压力氨水吸收式动力循环(3p-AWPC).在卡列纳循环的基础上,添加了一个预热器,以分离器出口的稀溶液加热来自高压氨泵的工作溶液.采用Schulz方程、质量与能量守恒定律,对循环倍率、工作成分、基本成分、热源温度和冷源温度进行优化分析,研究工作浓度与基本浓度最佳配对关系.给出了在热源温度为200℃及冷却水温度为25℃条件下,3p-AWPC方案的热力性能优化算例.结果表明,动力回收效率为9.62％,比相同冷热源进口参数条件下水蒸气朗肯循环(SRC)的动力回收效率约增加16.5％.     

金属薄片的粗糙表面对热传导的影响

在半经典输运理论基础上研究了垂直于金属薄样品的热传导的性质,并重点分析了热传导的样品尺寸效应和粗糙表面对热阻率的影响。     

一种测量CW Nd:YAG棒热焦距的简单方法

根据稳定腔g参数条件找到一种测量CWNd :YAG棒热焦距的简单方法 .用此方法分别测量了5mm× 1 0 0mm ,6mm× 1 0 0mm ,7mm× 1 0 0mm三种不同直径的YAG棒对不同输入功率下的热焦距 ,与传统的测量方法相比 ,这种方法简单、可靠、准确度高 ,适用于中小型CWNd :YAG激光器 .     

环氧树脂热氧老化实验研究

为了评估干式变压器的寿命 ,必须研究环氧树脂的老化机理。介绍了环氧树脂样品的热氧老化加速寿命试验的原理和方法。文中试品采用 60 mm× 1 5mm× 6mm的长方体。用热质量损失作为描述老化特性的性能指标。通过加速寿命实验研究 ,求得在设定温度为 1 70℃及 1 55℃条件下 ,样品热质量损失与暴露时间的关系曲线 ,及求得质量损失达到 3.4%时 ,老化时间分别为 360 0 h和 2 80 0 0 h,温度指数为 1 60℃。并发现 ,在同一暴露时间 ,热质量损失服从正态分布。     

燃烧冶金煤气锅炉热力试验和计算的特点

在钢铁企业中有大量的高炉煤气、焦炉煤气、转炉煤气等可燃副产品．用这种燃料的锅炉,其热力试验和热力计算有若干特点,如高含氮量的气体燃料过量空气系数的算法,气体燃料特性系数出现负值,将给定燃料的热量份额换算成体积份额,试验中多个取样断面等．文中结合上海宝山钢铁集团公司工业锅炉的燃烧调整试验加以分析,对数量众多的燃烧冶金煤气锅炉的试验或计算是有参考意义的     

基于热干扰的管路自动敷设算法

基于热干扰分析,提出一种管路自动敷设算法。该算法以预处理和优化搜索为基本框架。在预处理阶段,利用混沌理论和热分析原理,建立基于热干扰分析的预处理模型。三维管路敷设空间经过预处理模型处理,有效地降低管路自动敷设算法的求解复杂度并保障了管路敷设的热安全性。在优化搜索阶段,通过改进蚁群算法,给出了高效的管路自动敷设算法。通过对比实验表明改进蚁群算法有效地增加了种群的多样性。最后,实例验证表明该算法的有效性和实用性。