分布式声传感器井中背景噪声统计特性分析

分布式声传感器技术(DAS: Distributed Acoustic Sensor)是一种新近提出的高精度勘探数据采集方法,受制于复杂背景噪声的影响,DAS记录处理水平有待进一步提高.针对上述问题,采用基于替代序列的时间序列平稳性检验方法和Lilliefors检验法对DAS记录中复杂背景噪声的平稳性和高斯性进行研究.用以分析的实际地震数据是按照勘探工业要求采集的井中DAS记录.研究结果表明,DAS背景噪声是非平稳、非高斯随机过程且噪声特性随记录时长发生变化.相关研究成果实现了针对DAS背景噪声特性的可靠认知,对提高DAS记录处理水平具有重要参考价值.     

String theory,Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical

String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.     

黄昆先生的科学贡献及其开创的学术传统

 通过对历史文献的耙梳，介绍了黄昆学术成长的历程，回顾了黄昆在固体物理方面的杰出成就，探讨了其创办第一个半导体专业化、建立半导体物理研究基地、形成独特的学术传统等，为发展新中国半导体事业作出的贡献。     

粒子的散射方程、孤子解和高能统计模型

基于粒子散射的实验结果和已知的理论,首先,讨论了散射的各种方程,包括Lipkin方程、Pearson方程和Laguerre方程等,并且应用于各种散射;其次,重点研究了非线性方程,如Kd V方程、非线性统一方程等及其孤子解;然后,探讨了共振态和弹性、非弹性碰撞;进而,讨论高能散射和相应的统计模型;最后,提出不同能量的散射可能对应粒子低能具有对称性和高能具有统计性的新二重性.     

2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》载文文献计量分析

目的:分析《中华实用儿科临床杂志》近5年发展情况,为提高该刊质量提供参考依据. 方法:通过"中国生物医学文献数据库"收集该刊2008—2012年的文献题录,采用文献计量学方法,对文献的时间分布、单位分布、作者分布、作者合作情况、单位合作情况、高频关键词、高频主题词等指标进行统计分析. 结果:2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》共载文3 459篇,单篇论文的长度在逐年增长;涉及作者13 870位,每篇论文作者平均数量大于4,每篇论文的平均合作单位数量多于1.45,关键词和主题词符合本刊的主题.2008—2010年被引的文献为1 131条,占期间总文献量的62%.结论:2008—2012年发表的论文选择更具有针对性,向着更为合理性的方向发展,研究方法也多采用定量分析方法,并且论文形式多样,文献被引次数越来越多.     

关于数学物理方程课程教学的研究

针对目前数学物理方程教学中存在的一些问题,结合课程的教学目的与基本特点,提出注重基础知识回顾,精选教学内容,改进教学方法及考核方式等教学改革措施.以激发学生的学习积极性,提高教学质量.     

中心极限定理在统计推断中的应用

本文首先说明了中心极限定理研究的必要性，介绍了两个常用的中心极限定理，然后给出了中心极限定理在统计推断中有关统计估计和假设检验的实际应用，最后指出了研究中心极限定理具有理论意义和实际价值。     

地方院校本科生学习性投入的调查研究——以N大学本科生为例

基于NSSE-China测量工具,结合N大学实际情况及研究需要,选取部分指标,最终编制了《N大学本科生学习性投入调查问卷》。通过对N大学本科生学习性投入的描述性统计分析,发现N大学在学业挑战度和生师互动上得分较低,且N大学本科生教学质量存在问题,最终针对存在的问题提出有针对性的建议。     

Predictive ability and economic gains from volatility forecast combinations

The availability of numerous modeling approaches for volatility forecasting leads to model uncertainty for both researchers and practitioners. A large number of studies provide evidence in favor of combination methods for forecasting a variety of financial variables, but most of them are implemented on returns forecasting and evaluate their performance based solely on statistical evaluation criteria. In this paper, we combine various volatility forecasts based on different combination schemes and evaluate their performance in forecasting the volatility of the S&P 500 index. We use an exhaustive variety of combination methods to forecast volatility, ranging from simple techniques to time-varying techniques based on the past performance of the single models and regression techniques. We then evaluate the forecasting performance of single and combination volatility forecasts based on both statistical and economic loss functions. The empirical analysis in this paper yields an important conclusion. Although combination forecasts based on more complex methods perform better than the simple combinations and single models, there is no dominant combination technique that outperforms the rest in both statistical and economic terms.     

电桥法测电阻实验中的要领及故障分析

物理实验是高等学校开设的一门独立的必修课程,通过物理实验的教学,要求学生能掌握比较扎实的实验基本功,学会每个仪器的使用,知道实验中的故障排除,掌握接线要领,会根据要求选择仪器,会处理实验数据。本文就以电桥法测电阻为例加以分析说明。