卷丹百合鳞片育苗技术研究

为探索适于卷丹百合鳞片扦插育苗的有效方法,对在不同基质上(悬空海绵组10个处理,盆栽组6个处理)培养80d后鳞片的生长进行研究.结果表明:(1)悬空海绵组在海绵筒中加入的粉状活性炭高度越高鳞片生长状况越差,其中活性炭高度为0.2~0.3cm时鳞片的生长指标最优,生根率为86.33%,叶片抽生率为83.33%,生根系数为2.33,增殖系数达2.97,腐烂率仅为3.33%.(2)悬空海绵组与盆栽组在细沙中加入活性炭的量越多鳞片长势越差;基质相同时,前者培养的鳞片生长状况优于后者.采用悬空海绵法培育卷丹百合鳞片,操作简单、鳞片生长好,增殖多,是其鳞片扦插育苗的一种新方法.     

XXXIX.—The Hippoboscidæ (Diptera) recorded from Ceylon

Summary

The most profitable ways of collecting chalcids are discussed, namely by sweeping, suction sampler, beating, pyrethrum spray, rearing, Malaise traps, yellow pan traps, suction traps, pitfall traps and extraction from leaf litter or grass tussocks. Methods of preserving chalcids are also outlined, with particular emphasis on storing all unmounted material dry rather than in alcohol. The techniques of sweeping, card mounting specimens and slide preparation are described in detail.     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- buty1styrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolymer (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and solPBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectroscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optinum reaction conditions was 8 420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gelPBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics were evaluated by method ASTM (F726 - 81 ) and an experimental equation. The mechanical properties and the morphologies of some composites were measured by tensile tester and SEM , respectively.     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolym-er (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and sol-PBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectr-oscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optimum reaction conditions was 8420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gel-PBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel-PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics     

基于地质条件的海绵城市建设适宜性评价 ——以东莞市为例

以东莞市为研究对象,通过现场调研与充分收集地质调查数据,选取植被覆盖度、地形坡度、地表岩性、土壤环境质量、包气带厚度、包气带渗透性、含水层厚度和含水层渗透性等8个地质因子,采用层次分析法和GIS软件的空间叠加功能进行分析。结果表明:东莞市中地质环境适宜性好的占21.6%,适宜性较好的占0.28%,适宜性一般的占69.09%,适宜性较差的占9.03%。     

岭南乡村“海绵”措施的宏观归纳分析

以广东省历史文化名村名镇及传统村落为着眼点, 分析并归纳岭南乡村传统海绵措施的类型及特征。首先提取各个村落与海绵措施相关的五大特征信息: 基于Google Earth航拍图, 记录各个村落的聚落形态和水系分布; 基于广东省30 m精度的DEM, 在ArcGIS中提取广东省的地形与河网、各个村落的高程并进行淹没分析; 基于地区降雨水平, 判断村落所在区位的降雨强度。然后, 对特征信息赋予特征编码, 将5个特征编码输入SPSS进行聚类分析, 对174个村子进行分层分类, 归纳每一类的特点和防洪优势, 总结得到岭南乡村常见的借势、缓蓄、利导、强排4种海绵措施。根据研究结果, 对未来岭南地区的防洪建设和设计提出建议。     

Purealidin A,a new cytotoxic bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea

Summary A new bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid with antileukemic activity, purealidin A (5), has been isolated from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea and its chemical structure elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.     

Phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution and bionic applications of siliceous sponge spicules

Sponges are the oldest and the simplest but not primitive multicellular animals. They represent the earliest evolutionary metazoan phylum still extant. It was a long and painful scientific process to posi-tion the most enigmatic and mysterious metazoan,the Porifera,into their correct phylogenetic place among the eukaryotes in general and multicellular animals in particular. As living fossils,sponges provide the best evidence for the early evolution of Metazoa. More recently,interest has been focused on the bionic applications of sponges' siliceous spicules,after the discovery of their unique structure and high fiber performance. In this review,the emergence of sponges,evolutionary novelties found in sponges,and the phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution are highlighted. In ad-dition,the present state of knowledge on silicatein-mediated "biosilica" formation in marine sponges,including the involvement of other molecules in silica metabolism and their potential application in nanobiotechnology and medicine,is given.     

裂解温度对聚硅氧烷制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷性能的影响

采用陶瓷先驱体聚硅氧烷为原料,利用先驱体转化法与有机泡沫浸渍法相结合制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷.研究了聚硅氧烷的裂解温度对泡沫陶瓷抗压强度的影响,采用XRD,SEM及EDS对SiOC泡沫陶瓷进行了物相、微观结构及成份分析.结果表明,当裂解温度为1250℃时所获泡沫陶瓷的抗压强度最高,达10.8 MPa.微观结构分析显示,SiOC泡沫陶瓷呈三维网状结构,具有良好的贯通性,气孔率达到80%.     

应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵修复髓室底穿孔的疗效

目的:观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)胶原缓释海绵消除髓室底炎症及修复髓室底穿孔的疗效。方法:实验组5 2例(5 7颗患牙)应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵作为内屏障材料充填穿孔周围,避免穿孔周围修补材料超充填,对照组4 0例(42颗患牙)使用聚梭酸锌粘固粉。对临床症状和X片随访观察6个月,结果进行统计学处理,评价bFGF胶原缓释海绵的治疗效果。结果:当穿孔大于3mm以上及有临床症状时,bFGF组成功率为80 % ,失败率为2 0 % ,两组差异有统计学意义(P <0 0 5 )。结论:bFGF胶原缓释海绵在消除髓室底炎症修复髓室底穿孔具有显著的疗效,是一种新型内屏障材料