海绵甾类化合物研究──V．海绵Pachychalina sp．中的甾醇化合物

从南海海绵Ｐａｃｈｙｃｈａｌｉｎａｓｐ．中鉴定出具有５种不同甾核的１５个甾醇，５种甾核包括７－烯－甾核，８－烯－甾核，Ａ－降－甾核，５－烯－甾核和４－甲基胆甾烷醇甾核．２个在生物合成中具有重要意义的甾醇、２４－甲基－２５（２６）－去氢－胆甾醇和２４－乙烯基胆甾醇，存在于该海锦中．从该海绵中还同时鉴定出ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａ－５，２４（２８）－ｄｉｅｎ－３β－ｏｌ的Ｅ型和Ｚ型异构体．用ＧＣ保留时间和质谱能清晰地区分上述Ｅ型和Ｚ型异构体．从南海海绵中鉴定出７－烯－甾核、８－烯－甾核和４－甲基胆甾烷醇甾核的甾醇，这是首次报导．     

Ceramide from the Marine Sponge Phyllospongia sp

从中国南海海绵Ｐｈｙｌｏｓｐｏｎｇｉａｓｐ．中分离得到了一个神经酰胺类化合物Ｐｈｙｌ－ｌｏａｍｉｄｅＡ，它的结构通过波谱方法和化学方法确定．     

Purealidin A,a new cytotoxic bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea

Summary A new bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid with antileukemic activity, purealidin A (5), has been isolated from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea and its chemical structure elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.     

Two classes of metabolites fromTheonella swinhoei are localized in distinct populations of bacterial symbionts

The marine spongeTheonella swinhoei (lithistid Family Theonellidae, Order Astrophorida) has yielded many important, bioactive natural products, most of which share structural features with bacterial natural products. The presence of microbial symbionts inT. swinhoei has been reported, and it was originally suggested that the cytotoxic macrolide swinholide A and many of the bioactive cyclic peptides fromT. swinhoei were all produced by symbiotic cyanobacteria. By transmission electron microscopy, we found four distinct cell populations to be consistently present inT. swinhoei: eukaryotic sponge cells, unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, unicellular cyanobacteria and filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Purification and chemical analyses of each cell type showed the macrolide swinholide A to be limited to the mixed population of unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, and an anti-fungal cyclic peptide occurred only in the filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Contrary to prior speculation, no major metabolites were located in the cyanobacteria or sponge cells.     

Extraordinary levels of cadmium and zinc in a marine sponge,Tedania charcoti Topsent: inorganic chemical defense agents

The Antarctic marine spongeTedania charcoti has been shown to contain extraordinarily high natural concentrations of cadmium and zinc, which have in turn been correlated to the ability of the crude ethanol extract to modulate protein phosphorylation in chicken forebrain and to inhibit the growth of several test bacteria.     

XXXIX.—The Hippoboscidæ (Diptera) recorded from Ceylon

Summary

The most profitable ways of collecting chalcids are discussed, namely by sweeping, suction sampler, beating, pyrethrum spray, rearing, Malaise traps, yellow pan traps, suction traps, pitfall traps and extraction from leaf litter or grass tussocks. Methods of preserving chalcids are also outlined, with particular emphasis on storing all unmounted material dry rather than in alcohol. The techniques of sweeping, card mounting specimens and slide preparation are described in detail.     

应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵修复髓室底穿孔的疗效

目的:观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)胶原缓释海绵消除髓室底炎症及修复髓室底穿孔的疗效。方法:实验组5 2例(5 7颗患牙)应用bFGF胶原缓释海绵作为内屏障材料充填穿孔周围,避免穿孔周围修补材料超充填,对照组4 0例(42颗患牙)使用聚梭酸锌粘固粉。对临床症状和X片随访观察6个月,结果进行统计学处理,评价bFGF胶原缓释海绵的治疗效果。结果:当穿孔大于3mm以上及有临床症状时,bFGF组成功率为80 % ,失败率为2 0 % ,两组差异有统计学意义(P <0 0 5 )。结论:bFGF胶原缓释海绵在消除髓室底炎症修复髓室底穿孔具有显著的疗效,是一种新型内屏障材料     

一类Sierpinski海绵的Hausdorff测度

对每一个ｍ≥１,定义一个Ｓｉｅｒｐｉｎｓｋｉ海绵,它们的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ维数为１,它们的１－维Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ测度被完全确定．     

以组织工程技术构建活性双层人工皮肤

用冷冻干燥胶原凝胶方法制备胶原海绵,经戊二醛交联处理,作为活性双层人工皮肤的支架;以幼儿包皮为细胞来源获得真皮成纤维细胞和皮肤角质细胞,体外扩增后作为种子细胞;在胶原海绵上接种成纤维细胞和角质细胞,体外构建活性双层人工皮肤。研究结果表明,人工真皮内的成纤维细胞生长良好,并且有人纤粘连蛋白类生物活性物质存在,活性双层人工皮肤表皮层有类似干天然皮肤表皮层的组织结构。     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- buty1styrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolymer (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and solPBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectroscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optinum reaction conditions was 8 420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gelPBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics were evaluated by method ASTM (F726 - 81 ) and an experimental equation. The mechanical properties and the morphologies of some composites were measured by tensile tester and SEM , respectively.