首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   30篇
  免费   3篇
系统科学   1篇
现状及发展   8篇
综合类   24篇
  2022年   1篇
  2021年   1篇
  2019年   1篇
  2015年   3篇
  2014年   1篇
  2012年   2篇
  2011年   6篇
  2007年   3篇
  2006年   5篇
  2003年   3篇
  2002年   1篇
  2001年   1篇
  1999年   2篇
  1996年   1篇
  1994年   1篇
  1992年   1篇
排序方式: 共有33条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的探讨院外延续护理服务对精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响.方法将120例出院精神分裂症患者随机分为对照组60例和干预组60例.对照组给予常规出院指导、门诊随访措施;干预组在常规护理的基础上进行为期12个月的延续护理服务.比较12个月后两组患者对精神分裂症基本知识的知晓率、服药依从性、复发率及生活质量等方面的差异.结果干预组对精神分裂症基本知识知晓率、服药的依从性以及生活质量等方面优于对照组(P0.01),病情复发的人数明显低于对照组(P0.01).结论对出院精神分裂症患者开展延续护理服务有助于患者疗效的维持及疾病的恢复,减少疾病复发,提高患者的服药依从性及生活质量,对其社会功能改善具有重要意义.  相似文献   
2.
精神分裂症受基因因素,自然环境因素以及心理应激因素等多种因素共同影响,但目前多数研究都只关注于其中一项,很少有假说能兼顾各种因素.针对精神分裂症研究的这种局限,从进化的角度,利用达尔文医学和进化心理学的方法对精神分裂症进行剖析,以推测其可能的进化史因,并解释环境因素与遗传因素等在精神分裂症发生发展中的作用.同时,对影响精神分裂症发病率的多种环境因素进行了分析,并讨论了精神分裂症的性别特异性、年龄特异性等发病特性,在此基础上提出和论证了一个新的精神分裂症病因的理论假说:"精神分裂症相关基因是一组用于应对不利生存环境的基因,受环境因素的反馈控制.当环境过于恶劣时,这些基因的过度表达就会引发精神分裂症."  相似文献   
3.
Recent findings concerning human slow wave sleep (hSWS-stages 3+4; delta EEG activity) are critically reviewed. Areas covered include the significance of the first hSWS cycle; hSWS in extended sleep; relationship between hSWS, prior wakefulness and sleep loss; hSWS influence on sleep length; problems with hSWS deprivation; influence of the circadian rhythm; individual differences in hSWS, especially, age, gender and constitutional variables such as physical fitness and body composition. Transient increases in hSWS can be produced by increasing both the quality and quantity of prior wakefulness, with an underlying mechanism perhaps relating to the waking level of brain metabolism. Whilst there may also be thermoregulatory influences on hSWS, hypotheses that energy conservation and brain cooling are major roles for hSWS are debatable. hSWS seems to offer some form of cerebral recovery, with the prefrontal cortex being particularly implicated. The hSWS characteristics of certain forms of major psychiatric disorders may well endorse this prefrontal link.  相似文献   
4.
为了探讨精神分裂症患者急性期治疗后认知功能的变化以及与精神症状变化之间的关系。通过收集精神分裂症患者37例,给予利培酮治疗3个月,应用阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and nequtive syndrome scale,PANSS)及精神分裂症认知功能成套测验共识版(MATRICS consesuscognitive battery,MCCB)分别评估患者治疗前后的临床症状及认知功能的方法研究了精神分裂症患者急性期治疗后认知功能的变化以及与精神症状变化之间的关系。结果表明治疗后患者的处理速度(P 0. 01)、工作记忆(P 0. 01)及推理与解决问题能力(P 0. 01)均较治疗前显著性升高,言语学习和记忆、视觉学习和记忆及社会认知功能较治疗前无明显变化;治疗后患者PANSS总分(P 0. 01)、阳性症状评分(P 0. 01)、阴性症状评分(P 0. 01)及一般病理症状评分(P 0. 01)均较治疗前显著降低;治疗后认知功能中处理速度(r=0. 55,P 0. 01)及工作记忆(r=0. 42,P 0. 05)的改善与阴性症状的缓解正相关,与总症状、阳性症状及一般病理症状的改善无相关性,推理与解决问题能力的改善与总症状、阳性症状、阴性症状及一般病理症状的改善均无相关性。可见急性期药物治疗可改善精神分裂症患者认知功能中的处理速度、工作记忆及推理与解决问题能力,处理速度及工作记忆的改善与阴性症状的缓解相关。  相似文献   
5.
目的探讨运动疗法对慢性精神分裂症生活质量及社会功能的影响.方法选择112例慢性精神分裂症患者,随机分为研究组和对照组,对照组采用抗精神病药物治疗合并精神科基础护理,研究组在此基础上配合运动疗法.采用住院患者观察量表(NOSIE)、住院精神患者社会功能评定量表(SSPI)、精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(SQLS)进行评定,比较两组慢性精神分裂症患者生活质量及社会功能.结果 6个月后,研究组生活质量评分均明显高于对照组.两组患者的NOSIE总分、总积极因素、总消极因素有统计学意义(P<0.01).研究组SSPI的日常生活能力、动情和交往情况、社会活动技能得分均高于对照组.结论运动疗法能够改变慢性精神分裂症患者的社会功能及提高生活质量.  相似文献   
6.
The concept of self is a fundamental characteristic of the human mind,and the alteration of self is thought to be a core deficit of schizophrenia.Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia are deficient in self-face recognition.Because self faces are not only self-related but also highly familiar,it is unclear whether such deficit arises from the breakdown of the self-awareness or the failure of recognizing the familiarity of self faces.Here we directly tested these two alternatives by instructing patients with schizophrenia to recognize the identity of a morphed face created by blending face features between any of two identities from the self face,a familiar face,and a novel face.We found that there was no association between the recognition of the self and the recognition of the familiarity,suggesting these two component processes are independent in schizophrenia.Further,patients with schizophrenia were significantly worse in recognizing the familiarity of faces than normal participants,whereas no difference in the sense of self was found between the two groups.Taken together,our finding suggests that it is the sense of familiarity,not the sense of self,that is selectively impaired in self-face recognition in schizophrenia.Thus,our study challenges the hypothesis that the deficit in self-face recognition in schizophrenia reflects the breakdown of self-awareness.  相似文献   
7.
Extrapyramidal movement disorders are common in chronic schizophrenia, and may be an intrinsic feature of the illness as well as related to antipsychotic drug treatment. Similar dysfunctions at illness onset may have implications for outcome, and for under- standing the mechanisms of illness. The objectives were to examine the clinical correlates of pre-treatment movement disorders at first episode of psychosis, and determine associations with neuropsychological function and striatal structure. Never medicated subjects were recruited from consecutive admissions to Early Psychosis Programs with defined catchment areas in Hong Kong, China, and Halifax, Canada. Standardized clinical, neuropsychological and brain imaging assessments were carried out at baseline and following acute and long term treatment with typical or atypical antipsychotic drugs. At the Hong Kong site, we studied 84 subjects with first episode psychosis (n = 10 with EPS). At the Halifax site, we studied 40 subjects with first episode psychosis (n = 17 with EPS), and 23 healthy comparison subjects. Subjects with movement disorders prior to treatment (EPS+) had higher total PANSS scores at baseline (mean elevation 19.9% Hong Kong, P = 0.016; 14.7% Halifax, P = 0.049). In subjects treated with atypical antipsychotics (all Halifax), EPS+ status at baseline predicted more movement disorders at long term follow up (P = 0.0005). In both cohorts, EPS+ subjects had poorer acute symptomatic treatment response assessed with the PANSS (Hong Kong P = 0.005; Halifax P = 0.017). Neuropsychological impairment related to executive dysfunction appeared greater in a small sam- ple of EPS+ subjects (Hong Kong, effect size 0.26-0.27, P < 0.05). Caudate volumes were 4.5% larger in EPS+ compared with EPS-subjects (Halifax P = 0.042), and correlations between striatal volumes and age were different in the EPS+ group. In conclu- sion, pre-treatment EPS is present in a substantial minority of subjects with first episode psychosis, appears to persist at long term follow up, and is associated with poorer response of symptoms to treatment. Selective impairment of executive function and stria- tal enlargement provides evidence of abnormalities of brain function and structure associated with this aspect of early psychosis.  相似文献   
8.
Endophenotypes are heritable quantitative traits that are associated with disease liability, can be measured in both affected and unaffected individuals, and provide much greater power to localize and identify risk genes for mental illness than does affection status alone. Traditionally, endophenotypic markers for psychiatric illnesses include in vivo neuroanatomic and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements and indices of neurocognitive abilities. However, neurocognitive and neuroimaging measure...  相似文献   
9.
Approximately 60% of subjects with schizophrenia present minor neurological signs (neurological soft signs, NSS), which include abnormalities in sensory and motor performance indicative of a non-specific cerebral dysfunction. These are also present in healthy individuals and relatives of patients with psychosis, at significantly lower rates. The excess of NSS in psychosis may be a potential endophenotype for this disorder, and reflect the same neurodevelopmental brain dysfunction that also underlies the cog...  相似文献   
10.
本文介绍一个利用人工神经网络进行分型和自动知识获取的新一代精神分裂症诊断系统。阐述了训练样本的统计方法,神经网络的模糊与清晰性相结合的分型方法以及动态自学习方法,在输出规则中引入了黑洞束缚的概念。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号