改进模型估计与平差的多幅异源影像匹配方法

针对多幅异源影像匹配准确性不高的问题，提出了一种改进模型估计与平差的多幅异源影像匹配方法。首先利用基于快速自适应鲁棒性尺度不变的特征检测子与鲁棒性交叠的标准特征描述子，来增强特征匹配的鲁棒性；然后提出改进的随机抽样一致性算法，来提高模型估计的执行效率，同时保证鲁棒性；最后提出针对多幅异源影像匹配的平差方法，来优化异源匹配结果。实验结果表明，在异源影像存在较大差异的情况下，改进模型估计与平差的多幅异源影像匹配方法具有精度高的优势。      

Google Trends and the forecasting performance of exchange rate models

In this paper, we use Google Trends data for exchange rate forecasting in the context of a broad literature review that ties the exchange rate movements with macroeconomic fundamentals. The sample covers 11 OECD countries’ exchange rates for the period from January 2004 to June 2014. In out‐of‐sample forecasting of monthly returns on exchange rates, our findings indicate that the Google Trends search query data do a better job than the structural models in predicting the true direction of changes in nominal exchange rates. We also observed that Google Trends‐based forecasts are better at picking up the direction of the changes in the monthly nominal exchange rates after the Great Recession era (2008–2009). Based on the Clark and West inference procedure of equal predictive accuracy testing, we found that the relative performance of Google Trends‐based exchange rate predictions against the null of a random walk model is no worse than the purchasing power parity model. On the other hand, although the monetary model fundamentals could beat the random walk null only in one out of 11 currency pairs, with Google Trends predictors we found evidence of better performance for five currency pairs. We believe that these findings necessitate further research in this area to investigate the extravalue one can get from Google search query data.     

A Time‐Simultaneous Prediction Box for a Multivariate Time Series

A sample‐based method in Kolsrud (Journal of Forecasting 2007; 26 (3): 171–188) for the construction of a time‐simultaneous prediction band for a univariate time series is extended to produce a variable‐ and time‐simultaneous prediction box for a multivariate time series. A measure of distance based on the L_∞ ‐norm is applied to a learning sample of multivariate time trajectories, which can be mean‐ and/or variance‐nonstationary. Based on the ranking of distances to the centre of the sample, a subsample of the most central multivariate trajectories is selected. A prediction box is constructed by circumscribing the subsample with a hyperrectangle. The fraction of central trajectories selected into the subsample can be calibrated by bootstrap such that the expected coverage of the box equals a prescribed nominal level. The method is related to the concept of data depth, and thence modified to increase coverage. Applications to simulated and empirical data illustrate the method, which is also compared to several other methods in the literature adapted to the multivariate setting. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于后验风险确定故障样本量的Bayes方法

针对目前测试性故障样本量的确定方法过于粗糙和试验样本量过大的问题,提出了合理运用信息熵方法对装备系统各单元的测试性先验信息进行信息融合,得到装备系统级测试性试验数据。在此基础上得到测试性指标的先验分布,并进一步通过Bayes后验风险准则确定故障样本量及试验方案。以某型电动舵机系统各模块的试验数据为例,以故障检测率为测试性指标,经过分析和计算,发现运用所提方法得到的故障样本量相比传统方法明显减少,从而减少了试验成本,同时得到的测试性指标相对误差较小,保证了可信度。     

“高锰酸钾的制备”实验研究

大学本科无机制备课程中,"高锰酸钾的制备"实验采用固体碱熔法先制备锰酸钾,再用6.0 mol/L的HAc溶液歧化,经过滤、蒸发浓缩、结晶,得到产品.由于反应条件难掌握,学生实验成功率较低,产品纯度差,产率也低.基于此,对影响产品质量和产率的因素如碱熔条件、歧化反应pH值、蒸发浓缩方式、浓缩体积等进行了深入研究,在优化条件下制得的产品晶型好,产率高.     

CW-1铁矿石浮选捕收剂的研制

以壬二酸为原料,采用臭氧联合催化剂催化氧化方法合成油酸,复配制备CW-1捕收剂。考察合成时间与氧化剂种类对合成效果的影响,结果显示,最佳反应时间为120 min、氧化剂为双氧水。分别采用开路和闭路方法对比CW-1捕收剂与KS-2捕收剂选别选矿试验,表明CW-1捕收剂具有较好的低温使用效能,同时利用红外光谱分析CW-1捕收剂浮选机理。     

关于三参数Pareto分布的参数估计问题

在逐步增加首失效截尾样本下,研究三参数Pareto分布族形状参数的一致最小方差无偏估计(UMVUE),在对称平方损失函数下,讨论其Bayes估计和参数型经验Bayes(PEB)估计;按照均方误差(MSE)准则,比较UMVUE与PEB估计的小样本性质;根据形状参数的风险,导出其Bayes估计与PEB估计的大样本性质,并获得它们的收敛速度o(n-1)。     

不同高径比石膏试样破坏特性及其能量耗散

采用RMT-150B岩石力学试验机,对七种不同高径比的石膏试样进行了单轴压缩试验,分析其力学特性及其破坏特征.根据单轴压缩力学试验结果,利用能量耗散理论,分析其能量耗散特性.研究结果表明:随轴压应力的增加,石膏试样内部微裂隙先闭合,而后在其尖端产生了新裂隙;新裂隙随轴压应力的增加而逐渐地扩展、贯通、形成破裂面,最终发生剪切滑移破坏;石膏试样的体积应变随轴压应力的增大,经历了先压缩后增加,最后急剧膨胀,表现出明显的非线性变形;石膏试样的峰值应力、弹性模量随高径比的减小而增大;轴向应变和横向应变随高径比的减小而减小;变形模量与高径比之间的关系不明确,不能用其表征石膏试样的变形特性;高径比越大的石膏试样受压后容易发生剪切破坏,破坏时吸收的能量增量越快,属于脆性破坏,而高径比越小的石膏试样则发生压酥破坏,属于塑性破坏.     

基于样本重要性原理的KNN文本分类算法

KNN是重要数据挖掘算法之一,具有良好的文本分类性能.传统的KNN方法对所有样本权重看作相同,而忽略了不同样本对于分类贡献的不同.为了解决该个问题,提出了一种样本重要性原理,并在此基础上构造KNN分类器.应用随机游走算法识别类边界点,并计算出每个样本点的边界值,生成每个样本点的重要性得分,将样本重要性与KNN方法融合形成一种新的分类模型——SI-KNN.在中英文文本语料上的实验表明:改进的SI-KNN分类模型相比于传统的KNN方法有一定的提高.