多波地震油气储层的自组织神经网络学习与预测

如何充分挖掘出地震数据的有效信息以更有效预测出地震油气储层的分布情况,一直是业内所追求的目标。多波地震数据所包含的纵、横波数据不仅含有大量对油气敏感的特征信息,而且二者对油气响应存在差异,利用好这种差异可有效降低地震反演中的多解性问题。为此,设计了一种基于自组织神经网络的多波地震油气储层分布预测方案。首先,通过聚类分析优选出对油气响应比较敏感的地震属性,然后,对优选优化后的属性进行多波复合运算提取油气特征信息。最后,根据输入样本属性数据集设计自组织神经网络结构,计算神经元与样本的距离确定最佳匹配单元,更新调整网络权值,完成网络训练,得到预测结果。应用结果表明,基于本方案所预测的地震油气藏分布范围与实际情况基本吻合,有效地降低了反演结果的不确定性,从而验证了自组织神经网络应用于地震油气储层预测的有效性和可行性。     

基于概率图模型的危险驾驶罪刑期预测

针对司法实践中对于可解释性及预测性能的需求, 本文提出了一种基于概率图模型的量刑智能辅助方法. 该方法以量刑要素为基石建立含有隐节点的概率图模型, 由极大似然准则估计刑期分布的参数, 进而计算分布的数学期望得到预测值. 关于危险驾驶罪的实验结果表明, 概率图模型的预测准确率优于基于决策树和神经网络等的模型, 且具有良好的可解释性.     

基于子图特征的科学家合作网络链路预测

提出了多种基于子图结构特征的新特征,构建了基于节点重要性、基于节点共同邻居、基于边共同邻居、基于邻居子图和基于边子图五类特征,并将这五类特征中的多种特征分别作为特征输入,运用机器学习的方法,实现科学家合作网未来合作关系的预测。研究中发现,基于边子图特征的链路预测准确率最好。此外,研究中运用基于模型的特征排序和最大信息系数特征选择方法分析类内特征的影响力以及相互关系,通过机器学习算法的分类模型进行链路预测。该方法能够有效地揭示网络类内特征在预测中的重要性和相关性,有利于发现影响力大的特征和冗余特征。     

A new genus and two new species of Pudeoniscidae Lemos de Castro 1973 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazil

To date, the family Pudeoniscidae includes six species and three genera, Pudeoniscus, Brasiloniscus and Iansaoniscus, with distributions restricted to Brazil. Here, we redefine the family Pudeoniscidae based on the discovery of a new genus and two new species, Oxossioniscus pataxo sp. nov. and Oxossioniscus akoko sp. nov., from the Brazilian Atlantic forest in the state of Bahia, and on the examination of Pudeoniscus birabeni and Pudeoniscus obscurus. Moreover, P. obscurus is re-described and new records are provided for P. birabeni.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A0123730-C623-49CE-8665-AE17FDDF994A.     

同城即时配送问题基于多预测场景的在线调度

同城即时配送是随现代电子商务而产生的新问题,该问题呈现出极强的动态性与求解时间的紧迫性,并具有商户与顾客一对多的关系、车辆需要多次往返商户取货、货物取送有时效要求等诸多新特征,无法依赖现有研究而求解.针对这一问题,建立了基于多预测场景的在线优化调度方法,将带有预测订单的多个场景整合到路线规划过程,通过每个场景的方案计算,以及多场景方案的整合,得到了车辆赖以运行的集成方案,提高了调度方案面对未来不确定需求的适应性;所建立的调度系统在新订单进入时立即响应,在系统闲置时则采用大邻域搜索技术不断优化未完成的任务方案.最后,在具有200～300个日订单的大连市某同城即时配送公司的真实数据上,验证了在线调度方法的有效性和可行性.     

Theoretical construction in physics – The role of Leibniz for Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’

This paper aims at closing a gap in recent Weyl research by investigating the role played by Leibniz for the development and consolidation of Weyl's notion of theoretical (symbolic) construction. For Weyl, just as for Leibniz, mathematics was not simply an accompanying tool when doing physics—for him it meant the ability to engage in well-guided speculations about a general framework of reality and experience. The paper first introduces some of the background of Weyl's notion of theoretical construction and then discusses particular Leibnizian inheritances in Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’, such as the general appreciation of the principles of sufficient reason and of continuity. Afterwards the paper focuses on three themes: first, Leibniz's primary quality phenomenalism, which according to Weyl marked the decisive step in realizing that physical qualities are never apprehended directly; second, the conceptual relation between continuity and freedom; and third, Leibniz's notion of ‘expression’, which allows for a certain type of (surrogative) reasoning by structural analogy and which gave rise to Weyl's optimism regarding the scope of theoretical construction.