民族高校工商管理专业实践教学体系创新研究

围绕工商管理专业培养具有较强实践能力和高素质管理人才的目标,分析当前实践教学中的误区,通过构建全社会参与的工商管理专业人才实践教学社会网络,建立贯穿大学四年学习全周期的五大实践教学培养体系,对工商管理专业学生进行基础素养实践能力和专业素养实践能力培养,探索工商管理专业人才实践能力培养模式和体系。     

Enhancing survey‐based investment forecasts

We investigate the accuracy of capital investment predictors from a national business survey of South African manufacturing. Based on data available to correspondents at the time of survey completion, we propose variables that might inform the confidence that can be attached to their predictions. Having calibrated the survey predictors' directional accuracy, we model the probability of a correct directional prediction using logistic regression with the proposed variables. For point forecasting, we compare the accuracy of rescaled survey forecasts with time series benchmarks and some survey/time series hybrid models. In addition, using the same set of variables, we model the magnitude of survey prediction errors. Directional forecast tests showed that three out of four survey predictors have value but are biased and inefficient. For shorter horizons we found that survey forecasts, enhanced by time series data, significantly improved point forecasting accuracy. For longer horizons the survey predictors were at least as accurate as alternatives. The usefulness of the more accurate of the predictors examined is enhanced by auxiliary information, namely the probability of directional accuracy and the estimated error magnitude.     

2021年经济景气形势监测、分析和预测

我国经济增长在遭遇前所未有的疫情冲击后进入为期一年的超常快速扩张期，并于2021年2月形成扩张高峰，此后转入经济周期收缩阶段。2020年11月至2021年7月经济运行已恢复至“正常”景气区间，但需求端的恢复弱于供给端。2021年3季度的综合警情指数明显下滑，发出“偏冷”预警信号，且4季度可能继续下行,但物价总体保持稳定。预计全年GDP增长8.1%左右（两年平均增长5.2%左右），全年CPI上涨0.9%左右。建议宏观调控应做好跨周期设计，注意处理好稳增长、防风险和节能环保的关系，提高疫情应对的精准性，适度加大稳增长力度，努力保持经济在合理区间的平稳运行。     

浅议国际商务合同翻译教学中术语意识的培养

国际商务合同翻译过程中涉及多个专业的术语翻译,如法律术语、国际贸易术语、保险术语和金融术语等。作者认为在国际商务合同翻译教学中除了讲授国际商务合同的基础知识、语言特点、句法结构和合同的整体构成以及普通翻译技巧等之外,还需要重视学生对术语基础知识和术语翻译原则等方面的学习,培养学生的术语意识,提升学生的国际商务合同翻译质量和水平,并给出了培养学生术语意识的相关方法。     

制造服务中服务协作链构建与优化研究

制造服务是制造与服务的融合,是面向制造的服务,并且可进行分解和重构;根据制造服务的特征,以制造企业外协加工制造服务为例,构建了制造服务服务协作链,定义了多元组的服务协作链,利用Petri网建立了五元组服务协作链模型,针对服务协作链优化这一N-P Hard问题,运用贪婪算法选取服务时间作为贪婪因子进行了优化,并进行了实例验证;通过算例验证了服务协作链优化的可行性,结果表明:构建制造服务中的服务协作链以及对服务协作链进行优化可实现制造服务中业务协作优化决策,为实现智能化制造系统奠定坚实基础。     

商业模式创新理论模型构建研究

此研究的开展基于以下背景：在新的一波转型浪潮中，创新商业模式的必要性和迫切性与日俱增，虽然对商业模式创新过程的研究在逐年增加，但多聚焦于成功企业商业模式创新的变革阶段或成功创业者的高阶战略认知，缺乏对商业模式创新过程的进一步抽象和总结，以致无法回答企业“如何进行商业模式创新”的问题。此研究认为，以“活动系统”为中心的商业模式创新理论模型——光谱模型，确定了商业模式创新的逻辑起点和逻辑终点，融合了从整体上指导企业进行商业模式创新的价值过程和从认知视角指导活动开展的商业模式创新源过程，呈现出商业模式创新过程中主体之间的动态交互和子过程的动态迭代，旨在更直观地回答企业“如何进行商业模式创新”。     

Identifying US business cycle regimes using dynamic factors and neural network models

We use dynamic factors and neural network models to identify current and past states (instead of future) of the US business cycle. In the first step, we reduce noise in data by using a moving average filter. Dynamic factors are then extracted from a large-scale data set consisted of more than 100 variables. In the last step, these dynamic factors are fed into the neural network model for predicting business cycle regimes. We show that our proposed method follows US business cycle regimes quite accurately in-sample and out-of-sample without taking account of the historical data availability. Our results also indicate that noise reduction is an important step for business cycle prediction. Furthermore, using pseudo real time and vintage data, we show that our neural network model identifies turning points quite accurately and very quickly in real time.     

Predicting Recessions with Leading Indicators: Model Averaging and Selection over the Business Cycle

Four methods of model selection—equally weighted forecasts, Bayesian model‐averaged forecasts, and two models produced by the machine‐learning algorithm boosting—are applied to the problem of predicting business cycle turning points with a set of common macroeconomic variables. The methods address a fundamental problem faced by forecasters: the most useful model is simple but makes use of all relevant indicators. The results indicate that successful models of recession condition on different economic indicators at different forecast horizons. Predictors that describe real economic activity provide the clearest signal of recession at very short horizons. In contrast, signals from housing and financial markets produce the best forecasts at longer forecast horizons. A real‐time forecast experiment explores the predictability of the 2001 and 2007 recessions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水库移民中“门面户”的形成及解决措施研究--以三峡库区重庆段为例

“门面户”是三峡移民中的特殊群体，他们是受淹没影响而失地、搬迁所形成的移民中拥有商业用房（亦称门面房屋）的户主。通过实地调查与资料收集，了解到水库移民“门面户”的权益在移民安置的动态过程中受区域规划、经济周期、产业结构等的影响，部分还存在收益保障困难的问题。其主要原因有几个方面：商业中心位置转移、“门面户”自身局限、政策法规不健全等。针对存在的问题，提出合理规划移民安置区、完善“门面户”补偿政策、提升“门面户”素质等建议。     

企业商业信用对研发投入的影响——基于企业生命周期视角的实证分析

以2014—2017年的上市公司为样本,探讨了商业信用对企业研发投入的影响,以及在企业不同生命周期的反应。实证研究发现对于企业商业信用的获取与研发投入之间呈倒U型的关系,并且不同生命周期阶段的企业对其产生不同的反应。商业信用融资与成长期企业研发投入呈较强的倒U型关系,与成熟期企业呈正相关关系,与衰退期企业研发投入并没有显著关系。