螯合离子交换纤维制备研究进展

螯合离子交换纤维以其特殊的官能团结构、优良的吸附选择性已成为吸附分离材料的主要发展方向。众多学者对如何制备出具有优良性能的螯合纤维进行了大量的研究工作。本文从螯合基团的类型分组综述了近年来螯合纤维的制备研究进展,分析了研究中的难点,并展望了发展前景。     

聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮的加入对制备聚丙烯腈原纤维的影响

研究了聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(K30)的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)溶液的质量分数、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮与聚丙烯腈(PAN)的质量比对浆料的纺丝性能以及浆料的流变性能的影响,同时对加入K30后的聚丙烯腈原纤维的力学性能和热性能进行了研究.结果表明,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮与聚丙烯腈具有较好的相容性,当K30的质量分数为5%和m(PAN)∶m(K30)=7∶3时最适合纺丝,且原纤维具有较好的形貌和力学性质.     

Coupled Pervaporation-Reaction Distillation Process for the Production of n-Bromopropane

IntroductionThere are several industrializable membraneseparation techniques,such as reverse osmosis(RO) ,nanofiltration(NF) ,ultrafiltration(UF) ,dialysis(D) ,electric dialysis(ED) ,gas separation(GS) and pervaporation (PV) [13] . In recentyears,another application of membrane technology tocoupled reaction- separation processes has receivedspecial attention from academic circles andindustrial enterprises[4 7] . When separationmembranes are incorporated into a reversiblereaction system co…     

硫氰酸钠溶剂中甲酸钠的测定

本文叙述硫氰酸钠溶剂中甲酸钠的测定方法.该法首先用大孔吸附树脂,去除试样中的部分有机干扰杂质,然后在碱性介质中,以醋酸银为沉淀剂,去除SCN~-、S~(2-)、SO_3~(2-)等离子的干扰,在酒石酸氢钾存在下,于100℃用碘氧化甲酸钠,最后用硫代硫酸钠标准溶液滴定.模拟实验结果表明该法数据重现性好,甲酸钠回收率达96%以上,操作简便,可供腈纶厂控制分析用.     

改性腈纶纤维混凝土梁的弯曲疲劳特性

为了获得具有经济性和良好技术性能的混凝土结构,有必要研究改性腈纶纤维(以下简称腈纶纤维)对混凝土弯曲疲劳强度及疲劳极限的增强作用。用四点加载方法研究了腈纶纤维混凝土梁和底层撒布较长钢纤维的腈纶纤维混凝土梁的弯曲疲劳性能。研究结果表明:当腈纶纤维体积分数为0.085%时,腈纶纤维混凝土梁和底层撒布较长钢纤维的腈纶纤维混凝土梁的弯曲疲劳强度比素混凝土分别提高11.7%和15.7%;当应力水平为0.90时,腈纶纤维混凝土梁和底层撒布较长钢纤维的腈纶纤维混凝土梁弯曲寿命分别是素混凝土的22倍和29.01倍。底层撒布较长钢纤维的腈纶纤维混凝土梁的弯曲疲劳性能优于底层只撒布一层钢纤维或只采用腈纶纤维来增强的混凝土梁。复合纤维增强混凝土适用于道路及机场跑道。     

13C NMR分析超临界CO2中合成的PAN的立构规整度

采用^13C NMR分析技术，将超临界CO2下AN沉淀聚合的立体特性(以下简称CO2-PAN)与AN水相沉淀自由基聚合及AN水相悬浮自由基聚合进行了比较，在五单元组立构序列的水平上讨论了超临界CO2中AN沉淀聚合的统计链增长模型。研究表明CO2-PAN的链增长过程符合Bernoulli统计模型，其立构规整性是完全无规的。并认为，与其他两种PAN相比，CO2-PAN等规立构规整度偏低的原因是由于所采用的CO2溶剂的非极性效应所致。     

The Effect of Casting Solvent on the Electrical Property of Polyaniline/ Polyacrylonitrile

Blends of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline （PANI-DBSA） and polyacryionitrile （PAN） dissolved in either CHCh/DMF or CHCl3/DMSO mixture were solution cast. The conductivity of the blends with various compositions was measured and the doped ：xtent of PANI- DBSA in different casting solvent systems was studied. Solution blends prepared from CHCh/DMSO displayed higher conductivity than those obtained via CHCh/DMF. The dedoping reaction of PANI-DBSA in CHCl3/DMF identified by UV-Vis and FTIR analysis contributed to the lower conductivity of PANI-DBSA/PAN blend.     

A STUDY OF THE IMPOVEMENT OF TENACITY OF POLYACRYLONITRILE PREOXIDED FIBRE BY USING CUPROUS SALT

Polyacrylonitrile preoxided fibre PANOF is an intermediate in carbon fibre preparation. Thequality of PANOF is closely related to the property and structure of carbon fibre. In this paper, thermal mechanical analysis(TMA), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), swell-ing differential scanning calorimetry(SDSC)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)wereused to study the increase in tenacity of PANOF from the precursor treated with cuprous salt It has been discovered that the cuprous salt reacts strongly with the uncyclized CN of PANOF,resulting in an increase in the tenacity of PANOF by 30%. The results shwo that the cause of thistenacity improvement is the formation of coordinated complex. Cu~+is the central ion, and PANOFthe ligand. It is due to the coordinate bond that the network structure is formed from uncyclizedCN of PANOF. Therefore the tenacity of PANOF is remarkably increased.     

铜盐对聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维增强作用的研究

聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维(以下简称PANOF)是碳纤维生产过程中的中间产品,其性能的好坏与最终产品碳纤维的优劣密切相关。本文采用热机械分折(TMA)、热失重分折(TGA)、溶胀差示扫描量热分折(SDSC)、X光电子能谱分折(XPS)等实验方法研究了铜盐对PANOF的增强作用。发现Cu~+与PANOF中未环化的氰基有着强烈的相互作用。经铜盐处理后所制得的PANOF,其强度可增加30％。研究结果表明,PANOF得以增强的原因是由于发生了以Cu~+为中心离子,PANOF作为配位体的络合作用。络合配位键的生成使未环化的氰基得以交联,交联网络的形成使PANOF的强度明显提高。