Acyl-chloride functionalized graphene oxide chemically grafted with hindered phenol and its application in anti-degradation of polypropylene

In this study,graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were first functionalized by the acyl-chloride reaction and then reacted with hindered phenol (HP) to obtain HP grafted GO (GO-g-HP).The GO-g-HP prepared under the optimized condition exhibited a high efficiency against both thermal and photo oxidation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP).GO-g-HP exhibited a much better anti-aging efficiency than that of HP and GO used individually or that of their physical mixture.The outstanding anti-aging effect of GO-g-HP was attributed to the excellent synergistic effect produced between the chemically bonded GO and HP,which resulted in an improved oxygen barrier property of GO and excellent utilization of the free radical scavenging capability of GO and HP.Also,thanks to the grafting of HP on GO,the physical loss of HP,which was one of the main shortcomings for traditional small molecular antioxidants,was largely suppressed.It is expected that the GO-g-HP prepared can well meet the requirement of long-term applications of polymers in some harsh service conditions.     

络合萃取对煤制气洗涤废水中酚的回收

用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和煤油组成溶剂萃取体系有机相,对煤制气洗涤过程中产生的高浓度含酚废水进行了萃取和反萃处理研究.探讨了影响苯酚萃取的因素如废水pH和TBP体积分数,考察了反萃剂氢氧化钠溶液质量分数对反萃效果的影响;同时,对萃取和反萃过程中有机相的重复使用问题进行了研究.实验结果表明,当废水的pH=3～6时,一级萃取率可达90%以上,CODCr去除率达到80%以上;二级萃取率达到40%左右,苯酚总的萃取率达到95%以上;当氢氧化钠溶液质量分数为4%～10%时,反萃率可达80%以上;TBP-煤油有机相可在萃取和反萃的过程中多次重复使用.     

Quantitative structure-activity relationships of selected phenols with non-monotonic dose-response curves

Particular non-monotonic dose-response curves of many endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） suggest the existence of diverse toxicity mechanisms at different dose levels. As a result, the biological activities of EDCs cannot be simply exhibited by unique EC50/LD50 values, and the quantitative structure-activity relationship （QSAR） analysis for non-monotonic dose-response relationship becomes an unknown field in the environmental science. In this paper, nine phenols with inverted U-shaped dose-response curves in lymphocyte proliferation test of Carassius auratus were selected. The binding interactions between the phenols and several typical EDCs-related receptors were then explored in a molecular simulation study. The estrogen receptor （ER）, androgen receptor （AR）, thyroid hormone receptor （TR）, bacterial O2 sensing FixL protein （FixL）, aryl hydrocarbon receptor （AhR）, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） were the target receptors in the study. Linear regression QSAR models for the low and high exposure levels of the compounds were developed separately. The results indicated that the lymphocyte proliferation in the low-dose range might involve ER-mediated process, while the proliferation inhibition in the high dose range was dominated by the acute toxicity of phenols due to receptor occupancy and cell damage.     

酚类化合物对发光菌的联合毒性

以发光菌为受试生物,测定苯酚和19种取代酚类化合物在pH=7.0时的单一毒性,以及等毒性单位配比下二元混合物的联合毒性.采用毒性单位、相加指数、混合毒性指数和相似性参数4种方法对联合毒性进行评价,并探讨联合毒性效应的作用机理.结果表明,苯酚与其他酚类化合物组成的二元混合物对发光菌的联合作用类型大部分表现为协同作用,小部分表现为拮抗或部分相加作用.对于同一联合作用,采用不同的评价方法,其评价结果会稍有差异.     

油梨不同部位总酚含量、抗氧化及抗菌活性

【目的】研究油梨(Persea americana Mill.)不同部位(果皮、果肉、果核、叶子)50%(V/V)甲醇提取物的总酚含量、抗氧化及抗菌活性,并分析总酚含量和抗氧化活性间的相关性。【方法】采用福林酚(Folin-Ciocaltea)法测定总酚含量,DPPH·(1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基)自由基清除法测定抗氧化活性,SPSS 19.0双变量相关分析法分析总酚含量与抗氧化活性间的相关性,纸片法测定抗菌活性。【结果】油梨果皮的总酚含量最高,果核和叶子次之,果肉的最低。果皮、果核和叶子均具有较强的清除DPPH·自由基的能力,果肉的则相对较弱。4个部位清除DPPH·自由基能力与其所含的总酚含量存在显著的正相关关系,相关系数r值达0.983,即抗氧化能力随总酚含量的增加而增强。油梨皮和核部位对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)有抗菌作用,但对白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)没有抑菌作用。【结论】油梨具有较强的抗氧化活性和一定的抗菌活性,为更好地综合开发和利用油梨提供理论依据。     

酚类物质的结构因素计算

用数学方法计算出主客体色谱中所需酚类物质的结构因素．     

相转移催化反应的研究——Ⅱ、苯硫基乙酸芳酯的合成

本文报导通过苯硫基乙酰氯与酚类化合物在液—液相转移催化条件下的酰化反应合成了十个尚未见文献报导过的苯硫基乙酸芳酯,它们的结构通过元素分析和红外光谱确证。     

多壁碳纳米管氧化改性及其对酚类吸附性能的研究

针对目前有机废水(尤其是酚类废水)污染严重的问题, 通过混酸氧化法对多壁碳纳米管(multi-walledcarbon nanotubes, MWCNTs)进行氧化改性(MWCNT-O), 并研究其改性前后对苯酚、对甲苯酚、对甲氧基苯酚、对羟基苯甲醛和对硝基苯酚5种典型酚的吸附作用。结果表明: 298 K下, 与未改性的MWCNTs相比,MWCNTs-O对5种酚类物质的吸附量均有提升。5种酚类物质在MWCNTs-O表面的吸附量有差别, 顺序为对硝基苯酚>对甲氧基苯酚>对羟基苯甲醛>对甲苯酚>苯酚。吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温方程, 主要为单分子层化学吸附。对MWCNTs-O进行表面官能团测试、透射电镜分析和拉曼光谱分析, 发现氧化改性后材料表面的酸性含氧官能团增多, 缠绕度降低, 整体分散性增强, 石墨化程度有所提升。通过研究分子结构与吸附量之间的关系, 发现吸附量与酚类物质的电子能量(electronic energy, EE)有显著的相关性, MWCNTs-O表面垂直的π电子和酚类物质的π电子形成π-π共轭作用。因此, EE 可以作为酚类物质在MWCNTs-O表面平衡吸附量的预测性指标。     

酯型脱氧胆酸分子钳受体的合成及分子识别研究

以脱氧胆酸甲酯为spacer,苯衍生物作为arm合成了一系列分子钳受体。其结构经IR,^1HNMR及元素分析鉴定,并且基于计算机分子模拟确认了其构象。利用分光光谱法考察了其识别性能,并对主－客体间的尺寸／形状匹配和识别作用的推动力进行了讨论。     

忍冬木层孔菌总酚的HPLC分离及其指示性成分分析

对忍冬木层孔菌总酚主要成分进行了分析,为进一步控制总酚质量提供依据.用95%乙醇提取总酚,经大孔树脂吸附,乙醇洗脱制备忍冬木层孔菌总酚,利用高效液相色谱制备主要成分,采用普鲁士蓝紫外-可见分光光度法测定酚含量,用高效液相色谱测定主要成分含量.结果表明总酚中酚的含量达到63.35%,从总酚中分离鉴定原儿茶酸,3,4-二羟基苄叉丙酮两种主要成分,总酚中原儿茶酸的含量为13.1%,3,4-二羟基苄叉丙酮的含量为12.2%.所制备的忍冬木层孔菌总酚符合有效部位质量要求,总酚中原儿茶酸和3,4-二羟基苄叉丙酮均具有抗肿瘤等药理活性,可作为总酚的指示性成分.