Patterning the neuronal cells via inkjet printing of self-assembled peptides on silk scaffolds

The patterning of neuronal cells and guiding neurite growth are important for neuron tissue engineering and cell-based biosensors. In this paper, inkjet printing has been employed to pattern self-assembled I₃QGK peptide nanofibers on silk substrates for guiding the growth of neuron-like PC12 cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the dynamic self-assembly of I₃QGK into nanofiber structures. The printed self-assembled peptide strongly adheres to regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) substrates through charge-charge interactions. It was observed that in the absence of I₃QGK, PC12 cells exhibited poor attachment to RSF films, while for RSF surfaces coated or printed with peptide nanofibers, cellular attachment was significantly improved in terms of both cell density and morphology. AFM results revealed that peptide nanofibers can promote the generation of axons and terminal buttons of PC12 cells, indicating that I₃QGK nanofibers not only promote cellular attachment but also facilitate differentiation into neuronal phenotypes. Inkjet printing allows complex patterning of peptide nanofibers onto RSF substrates, which enabled us to engineer cell alignment and provide an opportunity to direct axonal development in vitro. The live/dead assay showed that printed I₃QGK patterns exhibit no cytotoxicity to PC12 cells demonstrating potential for future nerve tissue engineering applications.     

牦牛骨胶原蛋白肽的制备及其抗冻性能研究

以新鲜牦牛骨为原料，制备了牦牛骨胶原抗冻肽，并对其抗冻性能进行了研究。结果表明，以EDTA·2Na为脱钙剂对牛骨进行脱钙的最佳脱钙浓度为0.25 mol/L，脱钙时长为48 h，得到的胶原蛋白最大提取率为43.99%。胃蛋白酶酶解制备酶解复合物的最佳时间为48 h，温度25 ℃，得到的胶原蛋白的提取率可达48.53%。同时，采用改良的冰亲和吸附法对胶原抗冻肽进行吸附，得到最佳吸附时间为4 h，吸附温度为-2 ℃，吸附浓度为2 mg/ml，在此条件下，蛋白得率为48.1%，而热滞活性值可高达5.76 ℃。牦牛骨胶原抗冻肽属于一种高热滞活性蛋白资源，在食品冷冻保藏以及运输等领域有较好的应用前景。     

文蛤蛋白水解制备抗氧化活性肽的研究

以文蛤蛋白为原料,通过蛋白酶水解制备抗氧化活性肽.利用体外清除DPPH活性评价酶解产物的抗氧化活性,采用超滤、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析和HPLC对相应的活性肽进行分离纯化,通过HPLC-MS进行结构鉴定.结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶水解产物的DPPH清除活性明显高于碱性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶,产物质量浓度为1 mg·mL-1时,DPPH清除率为55.74%;以DPPH清除率为筛选指标,对木瓜蛋白酶酶解产物进行逐级分离,得到4个具有抗氧化活性的目的肽段,氨基酸序列分别为LNFNLEKSR(1120.3 u)、SWLRPR(814.4 u)、RIGNIISQY(1063.3 u)和LNFNLEK(877.2 u).     

水解度对蚕蛹蛋白酶解物的物化特性和抗氧化能力的影响

对蛋白质进行适度酶解是改善动植物蛋白原料的物化性质和提高其生理活性的常用方法.研究了水解度对蚕蛹蛋白的溶解性、乳化性、起泡性等物化性质的影响,以及水解度对蚕蛹蛋白的还原力,对DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基的清除能力等抗氧化特性的影响.实验结果表明,蚕蛹蛋白经适度酶解后溶解性得到显著改善,且水解度越大溶解性越好.蚕蛹蛋白经酶解后乳化性与乳化稳定性均降低,但起泡性和起泡稳定性增强,水解度增至5%时,起泡性和起泡稳定性达到最高值,继续增大水解度,反而下降.蚕蛹蛋白经酶解后抗氧化性显著提高,水解度为5%时,还原力和对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的清除能力最高,水解度为15%时,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力最高,继续增加水解度,抗氧化能力反而下降.这说明,对蛋白质原料进行酶解改性时,不能简单的追求高水解度,而应根据产品的要求控制合适的水解度,过度水解是无益的.     

Presence of hepcidin-25 in biological fluids: Bile,ascitic and pleural fluids

AIM: To examine body fluids such as ascitic fluid (AF),saliva,bile and pleural effusions for the presence of hepcidin using a novel radioimmunoassay (RIA).METHODS: Serum samples were collected from 25 healthy volunteers (mean age: 36 ± 11.9 years,11 males,14 females).In addition bile was obtained from 12 patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (mean age: 66.9 ± 16.7 years,M:F = 5:7).Saliva was collected from 17 healthy volunteers (mean age: 35 ± 9.9 years,M:F = 8:9).Pleural and AF...     

Defensin抗菌肽的序列特性分析

对defensin抗菌肽进行了生物信息学分析.一级结构表明其具有典型的昆虫防御素特征.二级结构分析表明defensin抗菌肽中主要的结构元件为α-螺旋,但有例外.信号肽及导肽分析结果显示defensin抗菌肽均属于分泌型蛋白.通过对不同物种defensin抗菌肽的分析结果表明,非阳离子抗菌肽的作用机制可能是疏水作用力起主导作用或者是对细菌胞内酶结构与功能、对细菌胞内信号转导的影响有关.     

环肽合成研究

环肽由于其稳定的结构特性在生物模拟,药物设计,纳米与分子器件,生物传感器以及催化剂等方面起着越来越重要的作用,本文介绍了近年来环肽化合物的合成及其应用的一些进展。     

Application of surface plasmon resonance in screening adsorbents and explaining adsorption phenomena using model polymers

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was developed as an online screening method to identify effective adsorbents for the peptide NH₂-Cys-Thr-Trp-Trp-COOH (CW-4). To validate the SPR technique, several linear polymers containing amino acid residues were synthesized as models of their corresponding adsorbents. SPR screening of all the linear polymers demonstrated that the linear polymer containing phenylalanine residues (PPhe) exhibited the highest affinity for CW-4 among the polymers tested. In accordance with the screening results from SPR, the adsorbent containing phenylalanine (APhe) exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for CW-4. An interesting observation was that the amounts of CW-4 adsorbed on 3 adsorbents were quite small, even though both SPR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments indicated the presence of interactions between CW-4 and the three polymers. A kinetic analysis performed using SPR technology suggested such a phenomenon was ascribed to the poor stability of the CW-4/polymer complexes; that is, CW-4 associates with the polymers quickly, but it also dissociated quickly. The combined results suggested that SPR was a promising tool to identify the optimal adsorbent for peptides, analyze the interactions contributing to adsorption and explain adsorption phenomena using polymer models.     

猪小肠抗菌肽对SPF鸡肠道黏膜免疫功能的影响

60只1日龄的SPF 鸡随机分为两组,来评价添加外源性抗菌肽对其肠道黏膜免疫功能的影响.结果表明:1)十二指肠、空肠和回肠内的上皮内淋巴细胞数量从第21日龄起,与对照组相比差异明显(p<0.05).2)自21日龄起,在抗菌肽处理组可以见到明显的肥大细胞,而在对照组少见(p<0.05).3)抗菌肽的处理能显著增加各段肠道内杯状细胞的数量(p<0.05).4)使用抗菌肽处理后,能提高各段肠道的sIgA的表达.添加外源性的抗菌物质,能显著提高SPF鸡的肠道黏膜免疫参数,并且有助于进一步深入了解抗菌肽对肠道黏膜免疫的调控机制.     

三种脑-肠肽对人绒毛膜促性腺激素分泌的影响

本工作利用灌流技术观察了3种脑-肠肽(P物质,CCK及NT)对新鲜人工流产的绒毛hCG分泌的影响。结果表明,P物质,CCK及NT均明显刺激绒毛释放hCG,并发现CCK作用大于P物质及NT。提示,hCG的分泌可能受这3种脑-肠肽的调节。