辽南滨海地区黄土磁化率特征及其古气候分析

通过对辽南滨海地区第四纪黄土沉积物的磁化率测量和分析,发现该区马兰黄土的磁化率值不高,反映了该区晚更新世受末次冰期影响,气候条件干冷,黄土粉尘沉积速率快,成壤作用微弱;时间更早的离石黄土磁化率值偏高,反映其成土环境较为温暖潮湿,黄土粉尘堆积速率慢,成壤作用好。磁化率曲线的波动变化反映了古气候发生多次旋回变化;黄土-古土壤序列很好的指示了干冷、暖湿气候的交替,也对应了冬季风、夏季风的交替变化。根据磁化率值对古气温和古降水量的回归计算得到古气温应介于5.85℃～13.0℃（＋1.5℃）,古降水量介于403.22mm～735mm,其标准都低于当今水平。反演辽南滨海地区中、晚更新世时期的黄土沉积环境是比较干冷的,并且经历了多次的小规模的干冷、暖湿交替变化。     

三水盆地古近纪早期微体生物群及其古环境意义

 对三水盆地SB-01钻孔下古近系地层进行了微体化石分析,共发现介形类7属10种,分布于5个层位;轮藻化石9属15种,见于3个层位。根据介形类和轮藻化石的分布、丰度和分异度变化,讨论了三水盆地古近纪早期的古环境变化。分析结果表明,三水盆地古近纪早期可划分为4个环境演化阶段。阶段A（89.0~75.5 m）：气候较干燥,水体较浅的半咸水环境;阶段B（75.5~53.5 m）：气候温暖潮湿为主,湖平面上升,水体盐度仍较高;阶段C（53.5 ~ 21.0 m）：温湿－干旱气候条件交替出现,湖平面和水体盐度波动频繁;阶段D（21.0 ~ 5.2 m）：气候温暖湿润为主,水体较深,湖水逐渐淡化,相应于湖盆发育盛期。     

长江三角洲古土壤有机元素组成及古环境意义

以长江三角洲第一古土壤层作为研究对象，分析古土壤的有机元素组成和变化，并结合微形态及其它分析工作，探讨其记录的古环境信息，结果表明，古土壤层中成土工程强弱是影响有机质组成的主要因素，随着成土强度的增强，土壤m(C)/m(N）的比值也相应增加；此外，古土壤有机质组分还是土壤暴露时间的反映，土壤暴露成土时间越长则越有利于有机组分的降解和转化，区域古地理条件差异也是影响古土壤有机元素组成的重要因素，干旱透气良好的环境更有利于土壤有机的分解与转化和增强脱搂作用，从而形成m(C)/m(N)的高值。     

Phytolith assemblages and their implications from cal soils of Yingyang site in Dengfeng County, Henan Province

Conclusions The macro-environment of the region and the site agriculture interpreted from the phytolith assemblages at Yingyang site are as follows: i)In the mid-late period of Yangshao Culture five thousand years ago, the regional climate of Dengfeng County is warm and wet; ii)In the mid-late period of Yangshao Culture, rice farming may have been practised in the region.     

Taxonomy, age and environment status of the Yuanmou hominoids

When, where and from which hominoid the human originated has been one of the key subjects in the study of human natural history. It is therefore very important to learn the chronological, geographical and taxonomic distribution of all hominoids. Yunnan Pr…     

龙门山甘溪土桥子组灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层地球化学特征研究

龙门山甘溪土桥子组发育多套灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层,其地球化学特征对其形成时的古环境、古气候具有重要的指示意义。在对土桥子组最大海泛面之上沉积的一套灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层进行野外详细描述与系统采样的基础上,对其中的37对74层灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层的常量、微量元素进行分析测试与研究。通过古氧相U/Th、古盐度Sr/Ba、古水深Mn O、古气候Sr/Cu等分析,认为该灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层形成于炎热气候下的贫氧海相高水位体系域沉积环境。古气候和差异成岩作用是灰岩-泥灰岩韵律层的主要成因,其中在较大的宏观尺度上古气候的韵律和波动控制着韵律层的古环境和地球化学特征,而在较小的微观尺度上差异成岩作用进一步控制和影响着韵律层地球化学特征的分异性和韵律性。     

三水盆地SB-01孔岩相类型及其古气候与古环境意义

三水盆地为华南一重要陆相沉积盆地,其沉积地层是重建古气候与古环境的良好材料。古气候与古环境研究是当前地球科学研究的重点与热点之一。以该盆地SB-01孔岩心沉积物为研究对象,分析其岩相类型及其古气候与古环境意义。三水盆地岩相类型包括纹层理显著的黑色泥页岩相、纹层理不显著的黑色泥页岩相、粉砂质泥岩相、灰岩相、碎屑岩相及石膏相,它们均具显著的古气候与古环境意义,可为本盆地SB-01孔岩心沉积时期古气候与古环境重建提供必要参考。     

Magnetostratigraphy and pavleo-environmental record of Tertiary deposits of Lanzhou Basin

The Tertiary deposits of the Yongdeng section, the Lanzhou Basin were studied by means of magnetostrati-graphy. The magnetostratigraphic sequences from Paleocene to Miocene were established, and the time scale for the corresponding stratigraphy and mammalian faunas was also established by referring to their correlation to the GPTS of BKSA95 (The geomagnetic polarity time scale which was thoroughly revised and updated by Berggreen et al. in 1995). In the end the paleoenvironmental records and their relationship with the uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau were discussed. The results are as follows. The top boundary of the Xiliugou Formation is dated to be 51 Ma, i.e. Eocene. TheYehucheng Formation covers the time span of 51-31.5 Ma, i.e. from late Early Eocene to early Early Oligocene. The Xianshuihe Formation covers the time span of 31.5-15 Ma, i.e. from Early Oligocene to Middle Miocene. The lower member of the Xianshuihe Formation spans from 31.5 to 20.0 Ma, i.e. from Early Oligocene to early Early Miocene. The middle member is from 20.0 to 16.5 Ma, i.e. in the middle Early Miocene.     

Carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions of basal Datangpo Formation, northeastern Guizhou, South China: implications for depositional environment

Isotopic compositions of Mn-carbonate and organic carbon from the same individual samples and sulfur isotopic compositions of pyrites in the basal Datangpo Formation were analyzed. Highly ³⁴S-enriched pyrites (δ³⁴34S_pyrite =31.7‰—59.4‰) were precipitated in relatively occlusive pore water under anoxic condition in sediments, which is consistent with the observation of large and scattered pyrite framboids. The sulfidic deep ocean was not “oxidized” in the early Datangpo interglacial interval, thus the level of seawater sulfate remained low and marine δ³⁴34S_sulphate remained high. Low δ¹³C_car (average -7.4‰) and abnormal relationship between δ¹³13C_car and fractionation (?_car-org) imply that the negative δ¹³C_car excursion may have resulted from oxidation of part of a large organic carbon reservoir. High ? car-org (average 25.1‰) implicates high CO₂ level in the atmosphere. Small standard deviation (1.0‰) of ??sup>??C_car values indicates the Mn-carbonate was precipitated near the water-sediment interface rather than in occlusive pore water in sediments under dysoxic conditions.