枫香根际解有机磷细菌筛选及其促生效应

从枫香（Liquidambar formosana Hance）根际土壤中分离和鉴定有效解磷菌（PSB），并研究其在溶磷方面的应用。     

不同生境狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆的土壤微生物数量、分含量及酶活性的比较研究

为了解狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆的土壤微生物与生境、土壤养分及酶活性之间的关系,采集内蒙古高原不同生境下的狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆的土壤,测定土壤微生物的数量、土壤养分和土壤酶活性.研究发现：狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆土壤中的微生物数量和养分含量表现为典型草原＞荒漠草原＞荒漠;碱性磷酸酶活性表现为典型草原＞荒漠草原＞荒漠,脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性表现为荒漠草原＞典型草原＞荒漠.这些研究结果表明：狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆土壤微生物的数量和组成差异是由土壤营养、气候以及受气候决定的植被差异共同作用的结果;而土壤微生物与土壤酶活性之间的关系较为复杂.     

泥炭湿地物种多样性、生产力与土壤养分关系

按照水位梯度将金川泥炭地的植物群落划分为4个类型(臌囊苔草-柳叶绣线菊群落、芦苇-臌囊苔草群落、臌囊苔草群落和油桦-臌囊苔草群落),研究4个群落的物种多样性与生产力及土壤养分的关系.结果表明:随着水位的升高,4个群落的生物量逐渐减少,水位最低处的臌囊苔草-柳叶绣线菊群落的地上生物量最高;4个群落中地下水位、生物量、土壤全氮、土壤全磷和物种多样性均存在显著差异(P0.05),土壤有机质差异不显著;物种多样性仅与土壤全磷呈显著正相关关系(P0.01),与全氮、有机质和地下水位无相关性;生物量随土壤全氮、全磷的增加显著增加,与湿地水位呈显著负相关,与土壤有机质含量之间关系不显著.金川泥炭地群落生产力的分布与土壤全氮、全磷和泥炭地水位的关系密切;土壤全磷可能是影响物种多样性的主要因子.     

赣江水体氮磷营养盐分布特征与污染来源

以2013年1月和6月实测数据为参考,分析赣江水体氨态氮(NH+4-N)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)和总磷(TP)分布特征和污染来源.结果表明:赣江水体枯水期的NH+4-N和NO-3-N平均质量浓度高于丰水期,但不具有统计学意义;枯水期的TP平均质量浓度显著高于丰水期.NH+4-N在赣州和南昌市区下游出现极大值;枯水期干流NO-3-N质量浓度在赣州和南昌市区下游较高,丰水期干流浓度相差不大,支流中桃江和袁水NO-3-N质量浓度明显偏高;枯水期赣江TP质量浓度在赣州市和南昌市下游出现高值区,丰水期只在赣州市下游出现高值区.通过赣江氮磷营养盐的时空分布特征以及与Cl-质量浓度的相关性得出,赣江NH+4-N污染主要来源于城市污水排放;NO-3-N在枯水期主要来源于城市污水排放,丰水期则来自农业污水和城市污水的共同作用;TP主要来源于城市污水排放,其次为农业污水影响.     

基于GIS和地统计学的烟田土壤养分空间变异特征研究

基于GIS和GPS定位技术,结合网格取样,用地统计学方法研究了褐土烟区土壤养分(有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾)的空间变异规律,并绘制了养分空间分布图.结果表明:土壤养分在整个研究区内均表现出中等变异水平,其变异性大小表现为:速效磷有机质碱解氮速效钾.除有机质外,其它元素都表现出较强的空间结构性,土壤有机质的空间相关距最大,达447m,碱解氮的自相关距最小,仅123m;速效磷和速效钾的相关距分别为337m和345m.基于半方差函数模型,用普通克里格法对研究区土壤养分进行了克里格插值,结果表明:有机质在研究区内普遍缺乏,速效磷、速效钾含量中等,而碱解氮含量在整个研究区分布较复杂,呈零星装分布.     

Dynamics of phytoplankton and picoplankton over a tidal cycle in a subtropical lagoon

The influences of a tidal cycle on the distribution of autotrophic plankton were investigated in a hyper-eutrophic lagoon designated as a scenic area. Results showed that the highest concentrations of picoplankton and phytoplankton were found in the middle and inner part of the lagoon, irrespective of the tides. The MDS result also revealed that phytoplankton communities, dominated by Ceratium furca, were similar among stations in the inner bay during both flood tides and ebb tides. The time series sampling results at the inlet-outlet channel revealed that almost the same amounts of phytoplankton and picoplankton were carried through the channel during flood and ebb tides, with no trend in nutrient fluctuations except for phosphate which had a net loss from the lagoon. The results showed that tidal cycles do not effectively flush away phytoplankton and picoplankton from the lagoon, and the blooming of phyto- and picoplankton is inevitable should the situation stay the same. Steps are needed to alleviate the eutrophication condition instead of depending on the natural process such as tidal cycle.     

贵定鸟王茶产地土壤养分状况分析

通过对贵定县鸟王茶产地土壤进行检测,依照贵州省茶园(高产、中产、低产)土壤养分分级标准,对鸟王茶产地土壤养分状况进行分析。结果显示,贵定县鸟王茶产地土壤养分含量变化幅度较大,土壤有机质和碱解氮含量处于优良和尚可(Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级)的样品占总样品数的85%以上;有效磷和速效钾含量处于较差(Ⅲ级)的样品占总样品数90%。鸟王茶产地有机质和碱解氮含量较高;有效磷和速效钾含量处于较低水平。     

南宁市南湖沉积物磷释放的研究

采用室内试验模拟法研究了南宁市南湖的沉积物中磷释放速度，释放量及影响南湖沉积物磷释放的各种环境因子，确定了南湖的内负荷，并探讨沉积物磷释放对南湖水质的影响，为南湖综合整治提供科学依据。     

Impoverishment of Soil Nutrients in Gully Erosion Areas in Yuanmou Basin

The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Results show that soil erosion of gully erosion area in Yuanmou basin has resulted in severe impoverishment of soil nutrients. All gully head areas are at high leves of impoverishment except for one at middle. By probing into and analyzing the mechanism of impoverishment of soil nutrients, we find that soil erosion has led to impoverishment of soil nutrients in a way of compacting soil, heightening position of obstacle horizon, and reducing the content of organic matter, as well as the direct loss of nutrient elements. Finally, this paper points out that soil and water conservation arming at the prevention of soil erosion is the most effective way against impoverishment of soil nutrients in Yuanmou basin.     

三峡水库蓄水期间香溪河库湾营养盐动态特征研究

2007年9-10月在三峡水库蓄水期间对香溪河库湾进行持续监测,并对其主要营养因子的动态特征进行了比较分析.结果表明;蓄水初期,香溪河库湾营养盐分布差异很大;蓄水完成后.香溪河库湾营养盐含量和长江趋于一致.香溪河库湾中TP含量由0.072 mg/L下降到O.066 mg/L,P04-P由0.032 mg/L升高到0.047 mg/L;TN含量略有升高,由0.785 mg/L升至0.817 mg/L,其中NO3-N占TN的百分比从66%增加到87%;D-Si浓度升高了约1.5倍.在3个控制断面,底层TP,PO4-P和D-Si含量大于表层,N在深度方向上没有明显规律.营养盐结构方面,Si/N＞1,Si/P＞10,有22%的N/P大于22,56%的介于10-22,22%的小于10.